| Unit Name: | 16th Light Cavalry |
| Dates: | 1776 – present |
| Country: | India |
| Allegiance: |  India |
| Branch: | Indian Army |
| Type: | Armoured |
| Size: | Regiment |
| Equipment: | T-72 |
| Battles: | Second Anglo-Mysore War Third Anglo-Mysore War Fourth Anglo-Mysore War Third Anglo-Burmese War Third Afghan War World War I World War II Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 |
| Battle Honours: | Sholinghur-1781 Carnatic-1784 Mysore-1792 Seringapatam-1799 Burma-1885-1887 Afghanistan-1919 Meiktila-1945 Capture of Meiktila-1945 Defence of Meiktila-1945 Pegu-1945 Sittang-1945 Rangoon Road-1945 Burma-1945 Punjab-1965 |
The 16th Light Cavalry is a regiment of the Armoured Corps, a primary combat arm of the Indian Army. Prior to India gaining independence from the British in 1947, it was a regular cavalry regiment of the British Indian Army. It was formed in 1776 and is the oldest armoured regiment raised in India.[1] The 16th Light Cavalry saw service in a number of conflicts ranging from the Second Anglo-Mysore War in 1781 to World War II. It has a number of battle honours including "Punjab 1965" earned during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.
The regiment was raised prior to 1776 as the 3rd Regiment of Native Cavalry in the service of the Nawab of Arcot, Muhammad Ali Khan Wallajah. In 1780, while under service with the British East India Company, it formed part of the force that defeated Hyder Ali during the Second Anglo-Mysore War and was awarded battle honours for the Battle of Sholinghur, Battle of Mysore, Battle of Carnatic and the Battle of Seringapatam for service during the Anglo-Mysore Wars. After the Anglo-Mysore Wars the regiment was next in action during the Third Anglo-Burmese War and were awarded the Battle Honour of Burma 1885-87.[2]
During World War I (1914–1918) the regiment remained in India for the defence of the North West Frontier but they did send drafts to other Indian cavalry regiments serving in France and the Middle East. In 1919 the regiment was involved in the brief Third Afghan War, for which they were awarded the battle honour of Afghanistan 1919.[2] In 1923, the regiment was selected for ‘Indianisation’, wherein British officers were finally replaced by Indian officers and this became the first Indian cavalry regiment to be officered by Indians.[3]
During World War II the regiment was employed in the defence of India having converted from horses to armour at Quetta in 1941.
In 1945 they were selected to undertake operations in Burma. Within three weeks the regiment covered a distance of 3,500 miles from Quetta to the banks of Irrawaddy River and was personally complimented by General Slim, the Fourteenth Army commander.[2]
In Burma the regiment were 14th Army troops and were also attached to the 255th Indian Tank Brigade, the brigade formation was;
During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, the regiment was part of the 1 Armoured Brigade and took part in the Battle of Phillora and Battle of Gadgor.[6] [7] In a major tank battle fought at Gadgor on 8 September, and a subsequent engagement at Alhar Railway Station, they destroyed 16 Patton Tanks of the enemy, against a loss of 6 tanks of their own. 2 officers, 1 JCO and 14 other ranks of the unit were killed in these actions and many wounded. The regiment won the Theatre Honour 'PUNJAB 1965'. The gallantry awards won by its officers and men comprised 1 Vir Chakra, 1 Sena Medal, 8 Mention-in-Dispatches and 3 Commendation Cards from the Chief of Army Staff.[8]
In the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, the regiment with its Centurion tanks fought the war under the 16th Independent Armoured Brigade in Shakargarh Sector.
Seven Vijayanta tanks from 16 Cavalry fought in Amritsar during Operation Blue Star. At least three entered the Golden Temple compound to provide illumination and machine gun fire, but eventually deployed their main guns against the fortified Akal Takht building.[9]
During a terrorist attack in Samba on 26 September 2013, three terrorist attacked the officers' mess of the regiment. The three terrorists were killed, but the unit lost one officer and three men.[10] Lt Col Bikramjeet Singh was conferred with Shaurya Chakra posthumously.[11]
The regiment was affiliated with the Madras Regiment in 2003 and with INS Talwar, the lead ship of the modern Talwar (modified Krivak) class frigates in 2005.[12] [13]
During its more than 200 years of existence, the regiment has seen many changes of organisations and designations. Manned originally by men from the Madras Presidency, its composition was changed in 1903 to Rajputs, Jats and Deccani Muslims. Since Independence, the regiment has retained its original South Indian composition.[14] [15]
The battle and theatre honours of the 16th Light Cavalry are:[16]