1663 in China explained

Events from the year 1663 in China. Also known as 壬寅 (Water Tiger) 4359 or 4299 to 卯年 (Water Rabbit) 4360 or 4300 in the Earthly Branches calendar.

Incumbents

• Kangxi Emperor (2nd year)
  • Regents — Sonin, Ebilun, Suksaha, and Oboi

Viceroys

• Viceroy of Zhili — Miao Cheng
• Viceroy of Min-Zhe — Zhao Tingchen
• Viceroy of Huguang — Zhang Changgeng
• Viceroy of Shaanxi — Bai Rumei
• Viceroy of Guangdong — Li Qifeng
  • • Viceroy of Yun-Gui — Zhao Tingchen Viceroy of Guizhou — Tong Yannian, Yang Maoxun
  • Viceroy of Yunnan — Bian Sanyuan
• Viceroy of Sichuan — Li Guoying
• Viceroy of Jiangnan — Lang Tingzuo

Events

• Kinmen in Fujian is captured by Qing dynasty forces from Ming dynasty loyalists.^[1]
• Zhuang Tinglong case — a criminal case concerning an unauthorised history of the Ming dynasty and unflattering depiction of the Qing dynasty concludes. Thousands of people who were involved or implicated in the case were rounded up at a military camp in Hangzhou, where they were sentenced. Over 70 people were condemned to death^[2]
• Dafo Temple, a Buddhist temple in Guangzhou is rebuilt and expanded by Shang Kexi. The building has been devastated by years of war and neglect^[3]
• Kaifeng Jews build a stele and an eight Hall of Scriptures^[4]
• Koxinga Ancestral Shrine built by Zheng Jing in modern-day Tainan, Taiwan to worship his father Koxinga^[5]
• Geng Jimao and lead a joint Qing-Dutch attack on Zheng family forces in Kinmen and Xiamen^[6]
• The lifting of an especially strict haijin policy implemented by the Qing in 1661, where the entire coastal population of Fujian, and parts of Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces is moved twenty miles inland. Thousands die in the ordeal.^[7]
• Sino-Russian border conflicts

Births

• Wu Shifan (1663-1681), son of Wu Sangui and ruler of Zhou

Deaths

• March 20 — Empress Xiaokangzhang, (孝康章皇后; 1638 – 1663) a consort of the Shunzhi Emperor
• Hong Ren (; 1610–1663) an early Qing painter and a member of the Anhui (or Xin'an) school of painting

References

• Book: Zhao, Erxun. Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao). Zhao Erxun. 1928. zh.

Notes and References

1. Book: GREAT ENTERPRISE: THE MANCHU RECONSTRUCTION OF THE IMPERIAL ORDER IN. FREDERIC WAKEMAN JR.. 1986. University of California Press. 0-520-04804-0. 114. 2011-06-06.
2. Mote, F. W. (2003). Imperial China: 900-1800. p. 296. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
3. News: http://gd.qq.com/a/20160430/006648.htm . zh:揭秘广州大佛寺的砖瓦为什么是绿色的 . Tencent . 2016-04-30 . zh . 2019-05-01 . 2019-05-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190501191455/http://gd.qq.com/a/20160430/006648.htm . dead .
4. Book: Xu, Xin. The Jews of Kaifeng, China: History, Culture, and Religion. 1995.
5. Book: 閩南與臺灣民間神明廟宇源流. 段淩平 (Duan Lingping). 2018.
6. Book: Andrade, Tonio . Lost Colony: The Untold Story of China's First Great Victory Over the West. Tonio Andrade. Princeton University Press. October 23, 2011.
7. Book: Spence, Jonathan D.. In Search of Modern China. W. W. Norton & Company. 44.