161 Maiden Lane Explained

161 Maiden Lane
Building Type:Residential skyscraper
Location:161 Maiden Lane
Manhattan, New York City, United States
Alternate Names:1 Seaport
Mapframe-Wikidata:yes
Coordinates:40.7055°N -74.0048°W
Status:On hold
Roof:670 ft (205 m)[1]
Floor Count:60
Start Date:2016
Est Completion:On hold
Architect:Hill West Architects
Structural Engineer:WSP Global
Main Contractor:Pizzarotti (until 2019)
Ray Builders (2019–2020)
Developer:Fortis Property Group

161 Maiden Lane (also known as One Seaport, 1 Seaport, or Seaport Residences) is an incomplete 670 ft (205 m) tall residential skyscraper on Maiden Lane in the Financial District of Manhattan, New York City, United States. Designed by Hill West Architects, the building overlooks the East River and topped out in September 2018. The building leans to the north as a result of the method used to construct its foundation: instead of using the piling method like other neighboring skyscrapers, soil improvement methods were used where chemicals or other material are added to the soil to strengthen it., only half of the finishes, including windows, have been installed.[2]

History

Site acquisition

As early as 2007, Bluerock Properties had proposed a 52-story building at 161 Maiden Lane, near the shore of the East River, in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. Bluerock planned to have the tower designed by Rogers Marvel Architects.[3] New York City's zoning regulations allowed a building of up to 249242ft2 on the site, of which up to 138468ft2 could be used as apartments.[4]

In 2011, Kay Development bought the site for $41.17 million. The company had planned to develop a 40-story building, the Seaborne, on the site; the building would have contained 175 apartments.[5] This structure would have been designed by architect John Fotiadis.[6] Kay Development placed the land for sale in May 2013 and Fortis Property Group bought the site at 151–161 Maiden Lane in September 2013, paying $64 million (about $ million in) for the 11539ft2 lot.[7]

Construction

Construction of the building, then known as One Seaport Residences, began in July 2015.[8] Jack Resnick & Sons, which owned the similarly named One Seaport Plaza at 199 Water Street, sued Fortis for trademark infringement that September.[9] [10] The two firms came to an agreement in December 2015, when Fortis agreed to market the building using the numeral version of the name, 1 Seaport, for a limited period. After that period had ended, Fortis could not market the building as either "One Seaport" or "1 Seaport".[11] [12] Fortis submitted a condominium offering plan for the building to the New York Real Estate Finance Bureau, which approved the plan in late February 2016. Fortis estimated that it would be able to sell 80 condos for a total of $272 million.[13] Fortis hired the Italian firm Pizzarotti as general contractor, likely in part because of Pizzarotti's low rates.[14]

Condo sales launched in April 2016, with the cheapest being offered for $1.2 million.[15] [16] Twenty percent of the units were in contract within one day. At the time, the structure was supposed to open in early 2018. Swedish real estate broker Fredrik Eklund was among the earliest condominium buyers, acquiring a duplex on the 46th and 47th floors.[17] Bank Leumi USA, a subsidiary of Bank Leumi, gave Fortis a $90 million construction loan for the property in June 2016.[18] To attract buyers, Fortis announced a partnership with Hinckley Yachts in late 2016, renting three luxury yachts to condominium owners.[19] Under the terms of its condo offering plan, Fortis was to have finalized the first condo sales in January 2018. If Fortis had failed to finalize any contracts by June 2018, the developer had to provide an updated budget; buyers could renege on their contracts if the project had overrun its $273 million budget by at least 25 percent.[20]

Controversies and delays

Between January and September 2017, the New York City Department of Buildings (DOB) issued 10 building-code violations to Pizzarotti.[21] An employee of SSC High Rise, the project's concrete subcontractor, died in September 2017 after falling from the building's 29th floor.[22] [23] Investigators determined that the employee had unhooked his safety harness after it was jammed in a scaffolding platform and that an SSC foreman had ordered the platform to be moved with workers on it, causing the employee to fall to his death. Because it is against New York City building code to move a platform with workers on it, SSC pleaded guilty to manslaughter in July 2018.[24] Following the incident, the project was halted indefinitely; two-thirds of the condos had already gone into contract. Work resumed in December 2017 but experienced further issues the next month, when the DOB issued two stop-work orders due to incorrectly installed construction netting.[25]

By January 2018, Fortis planned to obtain $185 million in construction financing for 161 Maiden Lane.[26] Construction was paused again that April after a concrete bucket hit the 34th floor, poured concrete onto the street, and lifted part of the 34th-story deck.[27] Pizzarotti fired SSC and replaced them with RC Structures. The building topped out during September 2018.[28] The same month, Mack Real Estate gave Fortis a $66 million mezzanine loan for the property.[29] [30] At the time, potential buyers had signed contracts for 72 of the building's 98 condominiums.

Pizzarotti sued Fortis in March 2019 over the fact that the building was leaning to its north.[31] [32] By then, Pizzarotti was no longer employed as the general contractor.[33] According to local website New York YIMBY, work on the building had been halted for several months.[34] The contractor alleged that Fortis had constructed the foundation using a soil improvement method, where chemicals or other material are added to the soil to strengthen it, rather than the piling method like other neighboring skyscrapers. Pizzarotti claimed that the building had settled unevenly, causing it to tilt; a subcontractor first noticed the issue in April 2018.[35] [36] Pizzarotti claimed that it had difficulties installing the glass curtain wall because of the building's lean and that a continued lean would result in non-functioning windows, faulty elevators, and bad waterproofing.[37] Fortis filed a countersuit that May, blaming Pizzarotti for not properly surveying the construction site and for failing to ensure workers' safety. The developer hired engineering firms WSP Global and Arup Group, which both concluded that the building's lean did not compromise its structural integrity. Ray Builders, which replaced Pizzarotti as general contractor, designed a glass curtain wall that accommodated the lean.

Work halts

Ray Builders stopped working on the project in July 2020, claiming that Fortis had failed to pay its workers, and subsequently resigned as general contractor the following year. Fortis sued Bank Leumi in August 2020, claiming that the bank had failed to distribute part of the loan as scheduled. Bank Leumi had placed the project's $120 million construction loan for sale in October 2020,[38] [39] and the bank was foreclosing on the loan by the end of that year.[40] [41] Due to the continuing delays, by February 2021, all except six of the condo buyers had reneged on their contracts.[42] In addition, because the upper stories had not yet been enclosed, they were vulnerable to temperature changes and weather.[43] A state judge appointed a receiver to secure the site in May 2021, as the lawsuits proceeded. Engel Burman Construction was hired to secure the construction site. Bank Leumi and Fortis agreed to mediation in August 2021.[44] Both the lender and the developer had withdrawn from mediation by March 2022, when a lawyer for Bank Leumi said the "parties were too far apart in discussions to reach any resolution".[45]

Mack Real Estate sued Fortis, Harel Insurance Company, and Valley National Bank (which had acquired Bank Leumi's United States division) in September 2022. Mack claimed that Harel and Bank Leumi had fraudulently misused the $66 million mezzanine loan that Mack had placed on the project.[46] [47] The project remained halted as of late 2022,[48] in part due to continuing litigation over the site.[49] By mid-2023, the building had not had a working standpipe for over a year, making it difficult to put out any fires that might start in the tower.[50] In August 2023, a judge ordered Fortis and Valley National to resume mediation.[51] [52] By that October, Shelly Listokin, who had previously agreed to buy the loans on the property, had filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection to avoid buying the loans.[53] Fortis was also sued by its own lawyers that December, as the developer had not paid its legal team.[54] Although there was no imminent safety risk at the tower, there were still concerns over how much the tower would move after cladding was completed.

Architecture

The building was designed by Hill West Architects and interior designer Groves & Co. According to The Wall Street Journal, 161 Maiden Lane's design includes a porte-cochère and a glass curtain wall. In addition, the building is planned to have a health club with a spa, fitness center, and infinity pool. The 60-story structure rises 670 ft (205 m). It would have 200000ft2 of space, including 80 residential condominiums. Plans also call for the building to contain 17 storage units, which would be sold to residents.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Seaport Residences . Skycraper Center . March 8, 2023 . June 14, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210614050327/https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/seaport-residences/16256 . live .
  2. Web site: The Leaning Tower of New York City. March 8, 2023. March 9, 2023. The B1M. March 8, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230308195909/https://www.theb1m.com/video/the-leaning-tower-of-new-york-city. live.
  3. Web site: Hylton . Ondel . July 20, 2015 . From Clipper Ships to Condos: Construction Begins on 161 Maiden Lane at the Seaport . March 10, 2023 . 6sqft . July 17, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220717030640/https://www.6sqft.com/from-clipper-ships-to-condos-construction-begins-on-161-maiden-lane-at-the-seaport/ . live .
  4. Web site: May 13, 2013 . Development Site For Sale NYC - Cushman And Wakefield . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311013734/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2013/05/13/fidi-development-site-hits-market-with-up-to-75m-price-tag/ . live .
  5. Web site: Clarke . Katherine . September 5, 2013 . Fortis snaps up FiDi development site for $64M . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311013735/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2013/09/05/fortis-snaps-up-fidi-development-site-for-64m/ . live .
  6. Web site: Dailey . Jessica . September 10, 2013 . Seaport Site Changes Hands; Will This Tower Soon Rise? . March 10, 2023 . Curbed NY . October 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221006001543/https://ny.curbed.com/2013/9/10/10199870/seaport-site-changes-hands-will-this-tower-soon-rise . live .
  7. Web site: September 10, 2013 . SELLING POINTS: Fortis building downtown tower; Harbor Group makes second apartment buy . March 10, 2023 . Real Estate Weekly.
  8. Web site: Mashayekhi . Rey . March 1, 2016 . Fortis seeking $272M sellout at 1 Seaport condo tower . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311013736/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2016/03/01/fortis-seeking-272m-sellout-at-1-seaport-condo-tower/ . live .
  9. Web site: Amato . Rowley . September 12, 2015 . Developer Sues Developer Over Use of "Seaport" Name . March 10, 2023 . Curbed NY . August 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220814034618/https://ny.curbed.com/2015/9/12/9921950/developer-sues-developer-over-use-of-seaport-name . live .
  10. Web site: Mashayekhi . Rey . September 11, 2015 . One Seaport - Jack Resnick & Sons - Fortis Property Group . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311013736/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2015/09/11/jack-resnick-sons-sues-fortis-over-one-seaport-trademark/ . live .
  11. Web site: December 22, 2015 . Seaport dispute settled . March 10, 2023 . Real Estate Weekly . May 21, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220521101553/https://rew-online.com/seaport-dispute-settled/ . live .
  12. Web site: Mashayekhi . Rey . December 2, 2015 . Resnick, Fortis reach settlement in 'One Seaport' dispute . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311013736/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2015/12/02/resnick-fortis-reach-settlement-in-one-seaport-dispute/ . live .
  13. Web site: Rosenberg . Zoe . March 2, 2016 . South Street Seaport's 60-Story Tower Reveals Pricing (Sort of) . March 10, 2023 . Curbed NY . September 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220925210403/https://ny.curbed.com/2016/3/2/11145764/fortis-south-street-seaport-condos-pricing . live .
  14. Web site: Brenzel . Kathryn . December 3, 2023 . Fortis Property Group’s Seaport Residences tower Leans In . February 10, 2024 . The Real Deal.
  15. News: Hughes . C. J. . April 22, 2016 . A Glassy Condo at South Street Seaport . en-US . The New York Times . March 10, 2023 . 0362-4331 . January 10, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230110054746/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/24/realestate/a-glassy-condoatsouth-street-seaport.html . live .
  16. Web site: Plitt . Amy . April 20, 2016 . Fortis's 60-Story Seaport Tower Launches Sales From $1.325M . March 10, 2023 . Curbed NY . October 1, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221001044259/https://ny.curbed.com/2016/4/20/11466840/financial-district-seaport-condos-for-sale . live .
  17. Web site: Rosenberg . Zoe . May 3, 2017 . Fredrik Eklund buys another multi-million dollar condo, this time at 1 Seaport . March 10, 2023 . Curbed NY . December 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221208060803/https://ny.curbed.com/2017/5/3/15531528/fredrik-eklund-nyc-apartments-1-seaport . live .
  18. Web site: June 14, 2016 . Emmet Marvin, Tannenbaum Helpern Guide $90M NYC Loan . March 10, 2023 . Law360 . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311013737/https://www.law360.com/articles/806863/emmet-marvin-tannenbaum-helpern-guide-90m-nyc-loan . live .
  19. Web site: Rosenberg . Zoe . October 7, 2016 . Seaport condo offers up the next over-the-top amenity: yacht rentals . March 10, 2023 . Curbed NY . July 6, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220706024255/https://ny.curbed.com/2016/10/7/13206214/hinckley-yacht-service-nyc-condos . live .
  20. Web site: Pilgrim . Lexi . October 19, 2017 . Fortis Property Group - 161 Maiden Lane . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311013737/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2017/10/19/work-still-halted-on-fortis-one-seaport-project-and-deadlines-are-looming/ . live .
  21. Web site: Vinopal . Courtney . December 21, 2022 . Scaffolding Deaths Are Claiming New York's Immigrant Workers in an Industry Lacking Accountability . March 10, 2023 . Observer . March 6, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230306042916/https://observer.com/2022/12/scaffolding-deaths-are-claiming-new-yorks-immigrant-workers-in-an-industry-lacking-accountability/ . live .
  22. News: Sandoval . Edgar . Smith . Greg . Rayman . Graham . September 21, 2017 . Two construction workers plunge to their deaths at separate Manhattan job sites with unresolved violations . live . April 25, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190425202520/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/workers-fatally-fall-troubled-nyc-job-sites-article-1.3511065 . April 25, 2019.
  23. Web site: September 21, 2017 . Two construction workers die in separate falls in Manhattan . March 10, 2023 . Crain's New York Business . May 17, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220517070854/https://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20170921/REAL_ESTATE/170929971/worker-falls-to-his-death-at-financial-district-site . live .
  24. News: Brenzel . Kathryn . July 13, 2018 . Construction firm pleads guilty to manslaughter in worker's death at site of FiDi condo project . . live . April 25, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190425202231/https://therealdeal.com/2018/07/13/construction-company-pleads-guilty-to-manslaughter-in-death-of-worker-at-161-maiden-lane/ . April 25, 2019.
  25. Web site: Pilgrim . Lexi . February 2, 2018 . 161 Maiden Lane - Fortis Property Group . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal.
  26. Web site: Maurer . Mark . January 25, 2018 . Fortis looking to finance unsold condos at 1 Seaport and LICH site . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal.
  27. Web site: Brenzel . Kathryn . April 30, 2018 . 161 Maiden Lane - RC Structures - Pizzarotti . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311013737/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2018/04/30/pizzarotti-replaces-troubled-concrete-company-at-161-maiden-lane/ . March 11, 2023 . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal.
  28. News: Young . Michael . September 18, 2018 . One Seaport Officially Tops Out Along The East River In Lower Manhattan . YIMBY . live . April 25, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190425202608/https://newyorkyimby.com/2018/09/one-seaport-officially-tops-out-along-the-east-river-in-lower-manhattan.html . April 25, 2019.
  29. Web site: Small . Eddie . September 28, 2018 . Fortis Property Group - 1 Seaport . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311014325/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2018/09/28/fortis-recapitalizes-1-seaport-with-66m-loan/ . live .
  30. Web site: Cunningham . Cathy . September 27, 2018 . NKF Locks Down $66M Mezz Loan for Fortis' 1 Seaport . March 10, 2023 . Commercial Observer . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311014345/https://commercialobserver.com/2018/09/nkf-locks-down-66-million-mezz-loan-for-fortis-1-seaport/ . live .
  31. Web site: Rebong . Kevin . April 3, 2019 . Leaning Tower of Pizzarotti? Contractor sues Fortis over alignment issues at Seaport project . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311014245/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2019/04/03/leaning-tower-of-pizzarotti-contractor-sues-fortis-over-alignment-issues-at-seaport-project/ . live .
  32. News: Spivack . Caroline . April 3, 2019 . Contractor sues developer over 'leaning' lower Manhattan condo tower . . live . April 25, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190405174201/https://ny.curbed.com/2019/4/3/18292635/fortis-pizzarotti-contractor-sues-developer-leaning-lower-manhattan-condo-tower . April 5, 2019.
  33. Web site: Rebong . Kevin . May 13, 2019 . Fortis Property Group - Pizzarotti - 161 Maiden Lane . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal.
  34. Web site: Young . Michael . April 16, 2019 . Visible Construction Halts as One Seaport Allegedly Begins To Lean, at 161 Maiden Lane, in the Financial District . March 10, 2023 . New York YIMBY . October 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221014071435/https://newyorkyimby.com/2019/04/construction-halts-as-one-seaport-allegedly-begins-to-lean-at-161-maiden-lane-in-the-financial-district.html . live .
  35. Web site: Spivack . Caroline . September 10, 2021 . The Leaning Tower of Seaport May Finally Break Its Bad Luck . March 10, 2023 . Curbed . September 30, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220930185625/https://www.curbed.com/2021/09/leaning-seaport-tower-may-break-its-bad-luck.html . live .
  36. News: Baird-Remba . Rebecca . April 2, 2019 . Contractor Sues Fortis Over 'Unsafe' Leaning Condo Tower Near Seaport . . live . April 25, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190425203353/https://commercialobserver.com/2019/04/contractor-sues-fortis-over-unsafe-leaning-tower-condo-near-seaport/ . April 25, 2019.
  37. Web site: Clarke . Katherine . February 17, 2022 . The Ghost Condos of NYC's Financial District . March 10, 2023 . Wall Street Journal . 0099-9660 . February 20, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220000415/https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-ghost-condos-of-nycs-financial-district-11645043359 . live .
  38. Web site: Hall . Miriam . October 14, 2020 . Construction Halted At Leaning Seaport Condo Tower Amid Legal Dispute Over Loan . March 10, 2023 . Bisnow . November 1, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201101080230/https://www.bisnow.com/new-york/news/construction-development/leaning-tower-of-seaport-fortis-loan-106333 . live .
  39. Web site: Larsen . Keith . October 2, 2020 . One Seaport Construction Loan For Sale . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311014257/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2020/10/02/construction-loan-tied-to-leaning-seaport-condo-up-for-sale/ . live .
  40. Web site: December 24, 2020 . Bank Leumi files to foreclose on Fortis's $120M loan at 161 Maiden Lane . March 10, 2023 . PincusCo . August 11, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220811204451/https://www.pincusco.com/bank-leumi-files-to-foreclose-on-fortiss-120m-loan-at-161-maiden-lane/ . live .
  41. Web site: Rebong . Kevin . December 28, 2020 . Seaport Condo Lender Seeks Foreclosure on $120M Loan . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311014337/https://buy.tinypass.com/checkout/template/cacheableShow?aid=p7sVIGTDn5&templateId=OTKM7F97TXNP&offerId=fakeOfferId&experienceId=EX4FQIM0EZ0Z&iframeId=offer_97e12a9720251a7aa748-1&displayMode=inline&pianoIdUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fid.tinypass.com%2Fid%2F&widget=template&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftherealdeal.com . live .
  42. Web site: Modi . Priyanka . August 24, 2021 . Bank Leumi and Fortis Agree to Mediation Over 161 Maiden Lane . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311014247/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2021/08/24/seaport-developer-lender-agree-to-mediation-over-troubled-leaning-tower/ . live .
  43. Web site: Young . Michael . February 19, 2021 . Seaport Residences' Future Remains Uncertain in Financial District, Manhattan . March 10, 2023 . New York YIMBY . en-US . September 19, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210919114020/https://newyorkyimby.com/2021/02/seaport-residences-future-remains-uncertain-in-financial-district-manhattan.html . live .
  44. Web site: Hall . Miriam . August 25, 2021 . 'Leaning' Seaport Tower Developer, Lender Negotiating Over Condo's Future . March 10, 2023 . Bisnow . September 9, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210909001920/https://www.bisnow.com/new-york/news/construction-development/leaning-seaport-tower-developer-and-lender-working-together-to-try-and-find-solution-for-condos-future-109987 . live .
  45. Web site: Modi . Priyanka . March 11, 2022 . Developer, Lender Headed to Trial in Seaport Project Dispute . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311014302/https://buy.tinypass.com/checkout/template/cacheableShow?aid=p7sVIGTDn5&templateId=OTKM7F97TXNP&offerId=fakeOfferId&experienceId=EX4FQIM0EZ0Z&iframeId=offer_97e12a9720251a7aa748-4&displayMode=inline&pianoIdUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fid.tinypass.com%2Fid%2F&widget=template&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftherealdeal.com . live .
  46. Web site: Monahan . Shea . September 7, 2022 . Fortis, Bank Leumi USA Accused of Fraud over One Seaport Mezz Loan . March 10, 2023 . The Real Deal . March 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230311014247/https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2022/09/07/mack-real-estate-sues-for-566m-over-fortis-project-loans/ . live .
  47. Web site: September 2, 2022 . Mezz lender Mack sues Fortis, Bank Leumi and Harel at troubled Seaport condo, seeking millions . March 10, 2023 . PincusCo . November 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221127121956/https://www.pincusco.com/mezz-lender-mack-sues-fortis-bank-leumi-and-harel-at-troubled-seaport-condo-seeking-millions/ . live .
  48. News: Young . Michael . Pruznick . Matt . November 21, 2022 . Seaport Residences Remains Stalled at 161 Maiden Lane in Financial District, Manhattan . New York YIMBY . live . December 31, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221231023555/https://newyorkyimby.com/2022/11/seaport-residences-remains-stalled-at-161-maiden-lane-in-financial-district-manhattan.html . December 31, 2022.
  49. Web site: May 17, 2023 . Wave of legal action stalls completion of 'Leaning Tower of Lower Manhattan' . November 20, 2023 . Crain's New York Business.
  50. Web site: Smith . Greg B. . May 16, 2023 . Stalled Condo Tower Near Wall Street Doesn't Just Tilt . November 20, 2023 . THE CITY - NYC News.
  51. Web site: Brenzel . Kathryn . August 31, 2023 . Judge to Fortis, Bank Leumi: Mediate Leaning Tower Dispute . November 20, 2023 . The Real Deal.
  52. Web site: Long . Ciara . August 31, 2023 . Judge: Dispute Over Unfinished Seaport Condo Tower Caused 'Exponential Devaluation' . November 20, 2023 . Bisnow.
  53. Web site: Brenzel . Kathryn . October 26, 2023 . Shelly Listokin Stalls His Purchase of 161 Maiden Lane Loans . November 20, 2023 . The Real Deal.
  54. Web site: Larsen . Keith . December 14, 2023 . Fortis Battles its Own Lawyers Over Seaport Fiasco . February 10, 2024 . The Real Deal.

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