14th Congress of Deputies explained

Box Width:	25em
14th Congress of Deputies
Body:	Congress of Deputies
Meeting Place:	Palacio de las Cortes
Election:	10 November 2019
Government:	Sánchez II
Before:	13th
After:	15th
Chamber1:	Deputies
Chamber1 Image:	Congreso de los Diputados de la XIV legislatura de España.svg
Membership1:	350
Chamber1 Leader1 Type:	President
Chamber1 Leader1:	Meritxell Batet (PSOE)
Chamber1 Leader2 Type:	First Vice-President
Chamber1 Leader2:	Alfonso Rodríguez (PSOE)
Chamber1 Leader3 Type:	Second Vice-President
Chamber1 Leader3:	Ana Pastor (PP)
Chamber1 Leader4 Type:	Third Vice-President
Chamber1 Leader4:	Gloria Elizo (UP)
Chamber1 Leader5 Type:	Fourth Vice-President
Chamber1 Leader5:	Ignacio Gil (Vox)
Chamber1 Leader6 Type:	First Secretary
Chamber1 Leader6:	Gerardo Pisarello (ECP)
Chamber2 Leader1 Type:	Second Secretary
Chamber2 Leader1:	Sofía Hernanz (PSOE)
Chamber2 Leader2 Type:	Third Secretary
Chamber2 Leader2:	Javier Sánchez (UP)
Chamber2 Leader3 Type:	Fourth Secretary
Chamber2 Leader3:	Adolfo Suárez (PP)

The 14th Congress of Deputies was a meeting of the Congress of Deputies, the lower house of the Spanish, with the membership determined by the results of the general election held on 10 November 2019. The congress met for the first time on 3 December 2019, and was dissolved on 30 May 2023.^[1]

Election

The 14th Spanish general election under the 1978 Constitution was held on 10 November 2019. It saw the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) remaining the largest party in the Congress of Deputies, but falling short of a majority.^[2] ^[3]

Alliance		Votes	%	Seats	+/−
	PSOE	6,792,199	28.00	120	–3
	PP	5,047,040	20.81	89	+23
	Vox	3,656,979	15.08	52	+28
	UP–ECP–EC	3,119,364	12.86	35	–7
	ERC–Sob–ERPV	880,734	3.63	13	–2
	Cs	1,650,318	6.80	10	–47
	JxCat–Junts	530,225	2.19	8	+1
	EAJ/PNV	379,002	1.56	6	±0
	EH Bildu	277,621	1.14	5	+1
	Others/blanks	1,924,746	7.93	12	+6
Total		24,258,228	100.00	350	±0

History

The new congress met for the first time on 3 December 2019 and after two rounds of voting Meritxell Batet (PSOE) was elected as President of the Congress of Deputies with the support of the Unidos Podemos–En Comú Podem (UP–ECP) and various nationalist and regionalist parties.^[4] ^[5]

Other members of the Bureau of the Congress of Deputies were also elected on 21 May 2019: Alfonso Rodríguez (PSOE), First Vice-President; Ana Pastor (PP), Second Vice-President; Gloria Elizo (UP), Third Vice-President; Ignacio Gil (Vox), Fourth Vice-President; Gerardo Pisarello (ECP), First Secretary; Sofía Hernanz (PSOE), Second Secretary; Javier Sánchez (UP), Third Secretary; and Adolfo Suárez (PP), Fourth Secretary.^[6] ^[7]

President^[8] ^[9]
Candidate			Votes
Candidate			Round 1	Round 2
Meritxell Batet		PSOE	167	166
Ana Pastor		PP	91	140
Macarena Olona		Vox	52
align=left colspan="3"	Blank ballots	11	11
align=left colspan="3"	Invalid ballots	28	29
align=left colspan="3"	Absentees	1	4
align=left colspan="3"	Total	350	350

Vice-President^[10]
Candidate			Votes
Alfonso Rodríguez		PSOE	108
Ana Pastor		PP	101
Gloria Elizo		UP	77
Ignacio Gil		Vox	52
align=left colspan="3"	Blank ballots	1
align=left colspan="3"	Invalid ballots	9
align=left colspan="3"	Absentees	2
align=left colspan="3"	Total	350

Secretary^[11] ^[12]
Candidate			Votes
Gerardo Pisarello		ECP	67	91
Sofía Hernanz		PSOE	67	87
Javier Sánchez		UP	60
Adolfo Suárez		PP	58
José Figaredo		Vox	52
José María Espejo-Saavedra		Cs	43
align=left colspan="3"	Blank ballots	1	0
align=left colspan="3"	Invalid ballots	0	0
align=left colspan="3"	Absentees	2	53
align=left colspan="3"	Total	350	231

Government

Shortly after the election the PSOE and Unidas Podemos–En Comú Podem agreed to form a coalition government, the first in Spain since the restoration of democracy.^[13] ^[14] Caretaker Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez (PSOE) was re-elected narrowly in January 2020 with the support of the UP–ECP and various nationalist and regionalist parties.^[15] ^[16]

Ballot →	5 January 2020	7 January 2020
Investiture Pedro Sánchez (PSOE)
Required majority →	176 out of 350	Simple




Sources^[17] ^[18]

Deaths, resignations and expulsions

The 14th congress has seen the following deaths, resignations and expulsions:^[19]

13 January 2020 – Beatriz Corredor (PSOE) resigned for personal reasons.^[20] She was replaced by Isaura Leal (PSOE) on 4 February 2020.^[21]
15 January 2020 – Dolores Delgado (PSOE) resigned after being appointed Attorney General of Spain.^[22] She was replaced by Omar Anguita (PSOE) on 4 February 2020.^[21]
21 January 2020 – Héctor Illueca (UP) and Francisco Salazar (PSOE) resigned after being appointed Director of the Labour Inspesctorate and deputy chief of staff of the government respectively.^[22] They were replaced by Rosa Medel (UP) and José Losada (PSOE) respectively on 4 February 2020.^[21]
22 January 2020 – Elena Máñez (PSOE) resigned after being appointed Minister of Economy, Research and Employment of the Canary Islands.^[22] She was replaced by Juan Fuentes (PSOE) on 4 February 2020.^[21]
27 January 2020 – Francisco Polo (PSOE) resigned after being appointed High Commissioner for a Entrepreneurial Nation. He was replaced by Sonia Guerra (PSOE) on 4 February 2020.^[21]
29 January 2020 – José Guirao (PSOE) resigned to return to cultural management and María Rosell (UP) resigned after being appointed government delegate against gender violence. They were replaced by Indalecio Gutiérrez (PSOE) and Meri Pita (UP) respectively on 4 February 2020.^[21]
11 February 2020 – José Manuel Franco (PSOE), José Javier Izquierdo (PSOE) and María Marrodán (PSOE) resigned after being appointed government delegates in the Community of Madrid, Castile and León and La Rioja respectively. They were replaced by Rafael Vélez (PSOE), Julio del Valle (PSOE) and Raquel Pedraja (PSOE) respectively.
21 February 2020 - Isabel Celaá, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, Reyes Maroto, José Montilla Martos, Luis Planas, Teresa Ribera, Margarita Robles, Juan Carlos Campo, Pedro Saura (PSOE) resigned as Deputies to focus on their minister or junior minister positions. They were replaced by Daniel Senderos, Gemma Araujo, Gema López, Inmaculada Oria, Antonio Hurtado Zurera, Julio Navalpotro, Manuel Arribas, José Ramón Ortega and Carmen Baños respectively.
13 March 2020 - Pablo Arangüena and Marina Ortega (PSOE) resigned to run in the 2020 Galician regional election. They were replaced by Diego Taibo and Uxía Tizón respectively.
21 May 2020 - Marcos de Quinto (Cs) resigned. He was replaced by Miguel Ángel Gutiérrez.
15 July 2020 - Isabel García Tejerina (PP) resigned. She was replaced by Gabriel Elorriaga.
12 November 2020 - Carlos Fernández-Roca (Vox) resigned. He was replaced by Mercedes Jara.
31 January 2021 - María Pilar Ramallo (PP) resigned to focus in her job as mayor of Marín, Pontevedra. She was replaced by Juan Manuel Constenla.
4 March 2021 - Jaume Alonso-Cuevillas (JxCat) resigned after being elected to the Parliament of Catalonia in the 2021 Catalan regional election. He was replaced by Josep Pagès.
11 March 2021 - Laura Borràs (JxCat) and Ignacio Garriga (Vox) resigned after being elected to the Parliament of Catalonia in the 2021 Catalan regional election. They were replaced by Pilar Calvo and Juan Carlos Segura respectively.
26 March 2021 - Pablo Iglesias Turrión (UP) resigned in order to run for President of the Community of Madrid in the 2021 Madrilenian regional election, he was replaced by Mercedes Pérez Merino. Marta Martín Llaguno (Cs) resigned, she was replaced by Juan Ignacio López-Bas.
4 May 2021 - Joan Josep Nuet (ERC) was expelled following a debarment procedure from the Supreme Court of Spain.^[23] He was replaced by Gerard Álvarez i García.
8 June 2021 - María Márquez Guerrero (UP) resigned and was replaced by Miguel Ángel Bustamante Martín.
27 July 2021 - Pilar Cancela Rodríguez (PSOE) resigned after being named secretary of State of International Cooperation. She was replaced by Natividad González Laso.
5 October 2021 - Noelia Vera (UP) resigned and retired from politics, and was replaced by Juan Antonio Delgado Ramos.
22 October 2021 - Alberto Rodríguez (UP) was expelled following a debarment procedure from the Supreme Court of Spain.^[24] No other UP candidate took his seat, remaining vacant in protest for the ruling.
30 November 2021 - Teresa Jiménez-Becerril (PP) resigned when appointed associate to the Spanish Ombudsman. She was replaced by Ricardo Tarno.
28 March 2022 - Manuel Gabriel González Ramos (PSOE) resigned when appointed to the board of directors of Enagás. He was replaced by José Carlos Díaz Rodríguez.
4 April 2022 - Pablo Casado (PP), leader of the opposition, resigned after a party rebellion against him. He was replaced by Percival Manglano.
21 April 2022 - Pablo Montesinos (PP) resigned in solidarity with former party leader Pablo Casado. He was replaced by Ángel Luis González Muñoz.
27 June 2022 - Macarena Olona (Vox) and Juan Antonio Delgado Ramos (UP) resigned after being elected to the Parliament of Andalusia in the 2022 Andalusian regional election. They were replaced by Onofre Miralles and José Luis Bueno Pinto respectively.
30 June 2022 - Pedro Quevedo (NC) resigned. He was replaced by María Fernández Pérez.
26 July 2022 - Carolina España (PP) resigned after being appointed Finance Minister of the Regional Government of Andalusia. She was replaced by Isabel Gema Pérez Recuerda.
27 July 2022 - María José García-Pelayo Jurado (PP) resigned after being appointed Senator. She was replaced by José Ignacio Romaní.
18 October 2022 - Magdalena Valerio (PSOE) resigned after being appointed President of the Spanish Council of State. She was replaced by Aurelio Zapata Simón.
18 November 2022 - Miguel Ángel Bustamante (UP) resigned after being indicted of domestic violence;^[25] he was replaced by Ezequiel García Nieto.
5 December 2022 - Adolfo Suárez Illana (PP) retired from politics. He was replaced by Miguel Ángel Quintanilla Navarro.
1 February 2023 - Odón Elorza (PSOE) resigned. He was replaced by María Luisa García Gurrutxaga.
14 February 2023 - Juan Bernardo Fuentes Curbelo (PSOE), nicknamed Tito Berni, resigned after being involved in a corruption scandal.^[26] He was replaced by José Francisco Duque.
17 March 2023 - Teodoro García Egea, right-hand man of former PP leader Pablo Casado, resigned. He was replaced by Antonia López Moya.

Members

scope=col	Name	scope=col	Constituency	scope=col	No.	scope=col colspan="2"	Party	scope=col colspan="2"	Alliance	scope=col	Group	scope=col	Took office	scope=col	Left office	scope=col width="200"	Notes
		1					Socialists
		1					Vox
		1					Socialists
		1					Basque
		2					Vox
		1					EH Bildu
		1					Vox
		1					Socialists
		3					People's
		1					People's
		1					Socialists
		3					Plural			Aligned to CNxR.^[27]
		1					People's
		1					People's
		7					Socialists
		4					Socialists
		12					Socialists			Replaces Dolores Delgado.
		2					People's
		1					Socialists
		9					People's
		6					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		1					Citizens
		1					Vox
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		4					Citizens			Replaces Albert Rivera.
		1					Plural
		2					Basque
		3					People's
		1					Republican
		1					Socialists			President.
		1					Plural
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		7					People's
		2					Socialists
		1					People's
		2					People's
		2					Socialists
		4					Plural
		1					Plural
		7					Vox
		2					People's
		2					Socialists
		2					Mixed
		2					Socialists
		5					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		1					People's
		2					People's
		2					Socialists
		1					Vox
		1					Citizens
		3					Socialists
		1					Plural
		2					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		2					Vox
		9					Socialists
		7					Republican
		2					People's
		2					Socialists
		3					Socialists
		1					People's
		1					Socialists
		1					People's
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					People's
		2					People's
		1					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		1					Vox
		1					People's
		2					Vox
		8					Socialists			Replaced by Isaura Leal.
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		3					People's
		2					Socialists
		2					People's
		2					Socialists
		4					Republican
		2					Vox
		2					People's
		5					Socialists			Replaced by Omar Anguita.
		2					People's
		1					Vox
		3					Socialists			Replaces José Izquierdoz.
		1					Vox
		1					People's
		2					Citizens
		1					Citizens
		1		PCE			UP–ECP–GEC
		2					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		3					Socialists
		1					People's
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		4					UP–ECP–GEC			Third Vice-President.
		1					Socialists
		1					Republican
		1					Plural
		2					People's
		3					Citizens			Replaces Fernando de Páramo.
		3					Vox
		1					Basque
		2					Vox
		1					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		1					Vox
		1					Vox
		1					Vox
		2					Vox
		2					Socialists
		1					Vox
		2					UP–ECP–GEC
		3					Socialists			Replaced by Rafael Vélez.
		4					Socialists			Replaces Elena Máñez.
		2					People's
		1					People's
		4					People's
		1					People's
		1					People's
		2					Mixed
		4					People's
		2					People's
		3					UP–ECP–GEC
		3					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		3					Socialists
		1					People's
		1					Socialists
		1					People's
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					Vox
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					People's
		3					Vox
		1					Vox			Fourth Vice-President.
		3					Citizens
		1					Socialists
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		8					People's
		3					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		2					People's			Replaces José González.
		1					People's
		1					Socialists
		1					Vox
		3					Basque
		1					Socialists
		2					Republican
		2					Socialists
		9					Socialists			Replaces Francisco Polo.
		2					Socialists
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		5					Socialists
		1					Socialists			Replaced by Indalecio Gutiérrez.
		1					Plural
		1					People's
		3					Socialists			Replaces José Guirao.
		1					Socialists
		2					Socialists			Second Secretary.
		1					People's
		2					People's
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					People's
		1					UP–ECP–GEC		26 March 2021	Replaced by Mercedes Pérez Merino.
		1					Plural			Aligned to CNxR.
		1					UP–ECP–GEC			Replaced by Rosa Medel.
		2					EH Bildu
		1					Socialists			Replaced by Julio del Valle.
		2					People's
		1					People's
		1					Vox
		1					People's
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		11					Socialists			Replaces Beatriz Corredor.
		2					People's
		1					Basque
		2					Socialists
		1					Vox
		2					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					Vox
		1					Socialists
		1					People's
		6					Socialists			Replaces Francisco Salazar.
		2					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					Socialists			Replaced by Juan Fuentes.
		2					Vox
		1					People's
		10					People's
		2					Republican
		2					Socialists
		1					People's
		1					Vox
		6					Socialists
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		3					Socialists
		1					Socialists			Replaced by Raquel Pedraja.
		1					Citizens
		2					Mixed
		1					Citizens
		1					Socialists
		3					People's
		2					People's
		2		PPCyL			People's
		1					EH Bildu
		5					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					Plural
		4					UP–ECP–GEC			Replaces Héctor Illueca.
		2					Socialists
		5					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					Vox
		2					People's
		1					Vox
		1					Socialists
		2					Plural
		1					People's
		2					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					Socialists
		2					People's
		1					People's
		1					Socialists
		2					People's
		2					People's
		1					People's
		2					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					Citizens
		4					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		1					People's
		2					People's
		1					Vox
		2					Plural			Aligned to CNxR.^[28]
		3					Republican
		1					Vox
		1					Plural
		2					Vox
		1					Socialists
		2					People's
		2					Socialists
		2					People's
		2					People's			Second Vice-President.
		3					Socialists			Replaces María Marrodán.
		3					People's
		1					Socialists
		3					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		2					People's
	Madrid	6		Podemos		UP	UP–ECP–GEC	13 April 2021		Replaces Pablo Iglesias.
		1					People's
		4					UP–ECP–GEC			First Secretary.
		2					UP–ECP–GEC			Replaces María Rosell.
		1					Socialists
		2					Socialists			Replaced by Sonia Guerra.
		1					Socialists
		1					People's
		1					EH Bildu
		1					Socialists
		1					People's
		2					Republican
		1					Plural
		1					People's
		8					Socialists
		1					Vox
		2					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		2					People's
		1					Plural
		2					Socialists
		1					Vox
		1					People's
		4					Socialists
		2					People's
		2					Vox
		1					Socialists
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		2					Socialists			First Vice-President.
		2					Vox			Replaces José Vázquez.
		5					People's
		3					Socialists
		3					Socialists
		1					People's
		1					People's
		1					People's
		1					Vox
		1					Socialists
		1					UP–ECP–GEC			Replaced by Meri Pita.
		1					Vox
		6					Republican
		1					Vox
		1					Republican
		3					Vox
		1					Socialists
		4					Vox
		1					EH Bildu
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		3					Plural			Replaces Marta Higueras.
		1					Vox
		2					Basque
		1					Socialists
		4					Socialists			Replaced by José Losada.
		1					Vox
		1					Republican
		1					People's
		1					UP–ECP–GEC			Third Secretary.
		2					Vox
		3					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		1					Vox
		2					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		3					People's
		3					UP–ECP–GEC
		3					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		1					Mixed
		1					Socialists
		3					Socialists
		4					Socialists
		1					Socialists
		7					Socialists
		3					Socialists
		3					Socialists
		6					Vox
		3					People's			Fourth Secretary.
		1					People's
		1					Socialists
		2					Republican
		1					People's
		5					Vox
		1					Vox
		6					People's
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		3					Vox
		1					Socialists
		5					Republican
		1					People's
		1					Vox
		1					Mixed
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		1					People's
		13					Socialists	18 February 2020		Replaces José Manuel Franco.
		1					UP–ECP–GEC
		10					Socialists
		2					UP–ECP–GEC
		2					Socialists
		3					Socialists
		2					Socialists
		2					Vox
		4					Socialists
		1					People's

References

Otras Disposiciones: Junta Electoral Provinciales – Elecciones generales. Proclamación de candidaturas . . 15 October 2019 . 248 . 113461–113748 . 15 October 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . es . 0212-033X.
Otras Disposiciones: Junta Electoral Central – Elecciones generales. Resultados . . 2 December 2019 . 289 . 132113–132124 . 2 December 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . es . 0212-033X.

Notes and References

News: 2023-05-30 . Spanish PM calls snap elections in bold move . en . Le Monde.fr . 2023-11-10.
News: 11 November 2019 . Spanish elections: Socialists win amid far-right surge . . London, U.K. . 7 December 2019.
News: 11 November 2019 . Socialists win repeat Spanish election, Vox becomes third-biggest force in Congress . . Madrid, Spain . 7 December 2019.
News: Catalan Socialist Meritxell Batet, reelected Spanish congress speaker . 7 December 2019 . . 3 December 2019 . Barcelona, Spain.
News: Meritxell Batet y Pilar Llop, presidentas del Congreso y del Senado . 7 December 2019 . . . 3 December 2019 . Barcelona, Spain . es.
News: Far-right Vox gets seat on Spanish Congress's governing Bureau . 7 December 2019 . El Nacional . . 3 December 2019 . Barcelona, Spain.
News: Santos . Pilar . Rodríguez . Miguel Ángel . Vox obtiene una vicepresidencia en la Mesa del Congreso . 7 December 2019 . . 3 December 2019 . Barcelona, Spain . es.
Sesión Constitutiva . Diario de Sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados – Pleno y Diputación Permanente . 3 December 2019 . XIV . 1 . 3–14 . 7 December 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . es.
News: Santos . Pilar . Rodríguez . Miguel Ángel . Batet sigue como presidenta del Congreso . 7 December 2019 . El Correo de Burgos . 3 December 2019 . Burgos, Spain . es.
News: Vox logra entrar en la Mesa del Congreso gracias a sus 52 diputados . 7 December 2019 . . . 3 December 2019 . Barcelona, Spain . es.
News: Sánchez . Ana I. . Ruiz de Almirón . Víctor . Casillas Bayo . Juan . La izquierda logra seis puestos en la Mesa del Congreso al rechazar Vox el pacto con PP y Cs . 7 December 2019 . . 4 December 2019 . Madrid, Spain . es.
News: ECP s'alça amb la Secretaria Primera del Congrés en el desempat i el PSOE es queda amb la segona . 7 December 2019 . Aldia.cat . . 3 December 2019 . Barcelona, Spain . Catalan.
News: Jones . Sam . Spain's ruling socialists strike coalition deal with Podemos . 2 February 2020 . . 12 November 2019 . London, U.K..
News: Spain's Socialists reach coalition deal with far-left Podemos party . 2 February 2020 . . . 13 November 2019 . Hong Kong.
News: Spain's Sánchez narrowly wins vote to govern in coalition . 2 February 2020 . . 7 January 2020 . London, U.K..
News: Minder . Raphael . The New York Times . 2 February 2020 . 7 January 2020 . New York, U.S..
News: 5 January 2020 . Sánchez no logra la confianza del Congreso en la primera votación . es . El País . 5 January 2020.
News: 7 January 2020 . Pedro Sánchez logra la investidura y formará el primer Gobierno de coalición de la democracia . es . El País . 7 January 2020.
https://www.congreso.es/web/guest/opendata/diputados Deputies
Serie D: General – Composición y organización de la Cámara – Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 20 January 2020 . XIV . 15 . 2 . 2 February 2020 . . Madrid, Spain . es.
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Web site: Periódico. El. 2021-04-09. Joan Josep Nuet, inhabilitado 8 meses por desobediencia al Constitucional. 2021-10-11. elperiodico. es.
Web site: Periódico. El. 2021-10-22. Batet ejecuta la sentencia del Supremo y quita la condición de diputado a Alberto Rodríguez. 2022-04-27. elperiodico. es.
Web site: El diputado Bustamante (IU) renuncia a su escaño en el Congreso y asegura que la acusación de maltrato es "falsa". 2022-11-01. Europa Press. 2022-10-31. www.europapress.es.
Web site: Qué es el caso Mediador y quién está implicado en la trama: del 'Tito Berni' al resto de implicados. 2023-03-12. Díaz, María del Pilar. 2023-03-01. elconfidencial.com. es.
News: 27 June 2020 . Un manifiesto reclama hacer de JxCAT una organización, liderada por Puigdemont . es . El Nacional . 14 July 2020.
News: 2 July 2020 . Puigdemont anuncia la creación de un nuevo partido para liderar el espacio posconvergente . es . El País . 14 July 2020.