1485 Explained

Year 1485 (MCDLXXXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January - December

• Spring  - Multiple earthquakes occur near Taishan, China.
• March 16  - A solar eclipse crosses northern South America and Central Europe.^[1]
• June 1  - Matthias of Hungary takes Vienna, in his conquest of Austria (from Frederick III), and makes the city his capital.
• August 5 - 7  - The first outbreak of sweating sickness in England begins.
• August 22  - Battle of Bosworth: King Richard III of England is defeated by (rival claimant to the throne of England) Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond; Richard dies in battle, and Henry Tudor becomes King Henry VII of England (although Henry marks this battle as August 21, so that he can declare all his opponents traitors).
• September 12  - Muscovian forces conquer Tver.
• September 15  - Peter Arbues is assaulted while praying in the cathedral at Zaragoza, Spain; he dies on September 17. He had been appointed Inquisitor of Aragon by the Inquisitor General, Tomás de Torquemada, in the campaign against heresy and crypto-Judaism.
• October 30  - King Henry VII of England is crowned.
• November 2  - The Peace of Bourges stops the Mad War.

Date unknown

• Leon Battista Alberti's De Re Aedificatoria (written 1443 - 1452 and published posthumously) becomes the first printed work on architecture.
• From about this date, Leonardo da Vinci produces a number of designs for flying machines, including the aerial screw or helicopter (probably unworkable).^[2]

Births

• March 10  - Sophie of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach, German princess (d. 1537)
• April 26  - Sibylle of Baden, Countess consort of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1518)
• June 20  - Astorre III Manfredi, Italian noble (d. 1502)
• June 24
  • Johannes Bugenhagen, German religious reformer (d. 1558)
  • Elizabeth of Denmark, Electress of Brandenburg (1502–1535) (d. 1555)
• July 20  - Giovanni Battista Ramusio, Italian geographer (d. 1557)
• August 22  - Beatus Rhenanus, German humanist and religious reformer (d. 1547)
• September 14  - Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mecklenburgian royal (d. 1525)
• October 1  - Johannes Dantiscus, Polish poet and bishop (d. 1548)
• October 8  - Antonio Pucci, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1544)
• November 30  - Veronica Gambara, Italian poet and stateswoman (d. 1550)
• December 16  - Catherine of Aragon, first queen of Henry VIII of England, and daughter of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile (d. 1536)
• date unknown
  • Hernán Cortés, Spanish conquistador (d. 1547)
  • Odet de Foix, Vicomte de Lautrec, French military leader (d. 1528)
  • Johanna of Hachberg-Sausenberg, ruler of Neuchatel (d. 1543)
  • Giovanni da Verrazzano, Italian explorer (approximate date; d. c. 1528)
• probable
  • Hugh Aston, English composer (d. 1558)
  • Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex, English statesman (d. 1540)
  • Clément Janequin, French chanson composer
  • Sayyida al Hurra, Moroccan pirate queen
  • Sebastiano del Piombo, Italian painter (d. 1547)
  • John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford, English royal minister (d. 1555)

Deaths

• January 20  - Eustochia Smeralda Calafato, Italian saint (b. 1434)
• February 28  - Niclas, Graf von Abensberg, German soldier (b. 1441)
• March 16  - Anne Neville, queen of Richard III of England (b. 1456)^[3]
• August 7  - Alexander Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, Scottish prince (b. c. 1454)
• August 15  - Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (b. 1419)
• August 22 (killed in the Battle of Bosworth Field):
  • King Richard III of England (b. 1452)^[4]
  • John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk (b. 1430)
  • James Harrington, Yorkist knight
  • Richard Ratcliffe, supporter of Richard III
  • John Babington, High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and the Royal Forests
  • Robert Brackenbury, English nobleman, courtier and supporter of Richard III
  • Walter Devereux, 8th Baron Ferrers of Chartley, supporter of Richard III
  • William Brandon, supporter of Henry VII (b. 1456)
• August 25  - William Catesby, supporter of Richard III (executed) (b. 1450)
• October 17  - John Scott of Scott's Hall, Warden of the Cinque Ports
• October 27  - Rodolphus Agricola, Dutch scholar (b. 1443)
• November 4  - Françoise d'Amboise, Duchess of Brittany (b. 1427)
• November 4  - Giovanni Mocenigo, Doge of Venice (b. 1408)
• Date unknown  - Kristina Königsmarck, Swedish noblewoman.

Notes and References

1. http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEsearchmap.php?Ecl=14850316 NASA Eclipse site
2. Book: Hart, Clive. The Dream of Flight: aeronautics from classical times to the Renaissance. New York. Winchester Press. 1972.
3. Book: Cannon . John . Hargreaves . Anne . The Kings and Queens of Britain . 2009 . OUP Oxford . 9780191580284 . 246 . en.
4. Web site: Richard III Biography & Facts . Encyclopedia Britannica . 26 June 2020 . en.