1474 Explained

Year 1474 (MCDLXXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–December

• February – The Treaty of Utrecht puts an end to the Anglo-Hanseatic War.
• March 19 – The Senate of the Republic of Venice enacts the Venetian Patent Statute, one of the earliest patent systems in the world.^[1] New and inventive devices, once put into practice, have to be communicated to the Republic to obtain the right to prevent others from using them. This is considered the first modern patent system.^[2]
• July 25 – By signing the Treaty of London, Charles the Bold of Burgundy agrees to support Edward IV of England's planned invasion of France.^[3]
• December 12 – Upon the death of Henry IV of Castile, a civil war ensues between his designated successor Isabella I of Castile, and her niece Juana, who is supported by her husband, Afonso V of Portugal. Isabella wins the civil war after a lengthy struggle, when her husband, the newly crowned Ferdinand II of Aragon, comes to her aid.

Date unknown

• Marsilio Ficino completes his book Theologia Platonica (Platonic Theology).
• Axayacatl defeats the Matlatzinca of the Toluca Valley.

Births

• January 7 – Thihathura II of Ava (d. 1501)
• March 21 – Angela Merici, Italian religious leader and saint (d. 1540)
• May 5
  • Juan Diego, Roman Catholic Saint from Mexico (d. 1548)
  • Giovanni Stefano Ferrero, Italian cardinal (d. 1510)
• May 18 – Isabella d'Este, Marquise of Mantua (d. 1539)
• August 6 – Luigi de' Rossi, Italian cardinal (d. 1519)
• September 8 – Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet (d. 1533)^[4]
• October 6 – Luigi d'Aragona, Italian cardinal (d. 1518)
• October 7 – Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden (d. 1536)
• October 13 – Mariotto Albertinelli, High Renaissance Italian painter of the Florentine school (d. 1515)
• November 7 – Lorenzo Campeggio, Italian Cardinal (d. 1539)
• November 8 – Francesco Vettori, Italian diplomat (d. 1539)
• November 11 – Bartolomé de las Casas, Spanish Dominican friar, historian, and social reformer (d. 1566)
• December 24 – Bartolomeo degli Organi, Italian musician (d. 1539)
• date unknown
  • Anacaona, Taino queen and poet (d. 1503)
  • Juan Diego, Mexican Catholic saint (d. 1548)
  • Giacomo Pacchiarotti, Italian painter (d. 1539 or 1540)
  • Cuthbert Tunstall, English bishop and diplomat (d. 1559)
  • Humphrey Kynaston, English highwayman (d. 1534)
• probable
  • Sebastian Cabot, Venetian explorer (d. c. 1557)^[5]
  • Edward Guilford, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports of England (d. 1534)
  • Stephen Hawes, English poet (d. c. 1521)
  • Sir John Seymour, English courtier (d. 1536)
  • Perkin Warbeck, pretender to the throne of England (d. 1499)

Deaths

• January 3 – Pietro Riario, Catholic cardinal (b. 1447)
• March 22 – Iacopo III Appiani, Prince of Piombino (b. 1422)
• April 14 – Anna of Brunswick-Grubenhagen, daughter of Duke Eric I of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (b. 1414)
• April 30 – Queen Gonghye, Korean royal consort (b. 1456)
• May 4 – Alain de Coëtivy, Catholic cardinal (b. 1407)
• May 9
  • Alfonso Vázquez de Acuña, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Jaén and Bishop of Mondoñedo (b. 1474)
  • Peter von Hagenbach, Alsatian knight and ruler (b. 1423)
• May 11 – John Stanberry, Bishop of Hereford^[6]
• May 14 – Choe Hang, Korean politician (b. 1409)
• July 5 – Eric II, Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (b. 1418)
• July 9 – Isotta degli Atti, Italian Renaissance woman (b. 1432)
• July 18 – Mahmud Pasha Angelović, Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1420)
• August 1 – Walter Blount, 1st Baron Mountjoy, English politician (b. 1416)
• August 16 – Ricciarda of Saluzzo (b. 1410)
• August 26 – James III of Cyprus (b. 1473)
• September 21 – George I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (b. 1390)
• October 1 – Juan Pacheco, Spanish noble and politician (b. 1419)
• November – William Canynge, English merchant (b. c. 1399)
• November 27 – Guillaume Dufay, Flemish composer (b. 1397)^[7]
• December 1 – Nicolò Marcello, Doge of Venice (b. 1397)
• December 11 – King Henry IV of Castile (b. 1425)^[8]
• December 16 – Ali Qushji, Ottoman astronomer and mathematician (b. 1403)
• date unknown
  • Gomes Eannes de Azurara, Portuguese chronicler (b. c. 1410)
  • Antoinette de Maignelais, French royal favorite (b. 1434)
  • Gendun Drup, 1st Dalai Lama (b. 1391)
• probable
  • Walter Frye, English composer
  • Jehan de Waurin, French chronicler

Notes and References

1. Book: Ladas, Stephen Pericles. Patents, Trademarks, and Related Rights: National and International Protection, Volume 1. 1975. Harvard University Press. 978-0-674-65775-5. 6–7.
2. Book: Schippel, Helmut. Die Anfänge des Erfinderschutzes in Venedig. Lindgren. Uta . Uta Lindgren . Europäische Technik im Mittelalter, 800 bis 1400: Tradition und Innovation . 4. . Berlin. 2001. 539–550. 3-7861-1748-9 . Wolfgang Pfaller.
3. Book: Lander, J. R.. Government and Community: England, 1450–1509. 1981. Harvard University Press. 978-0-674-35794-5. 287.
4. Book: Peter G. Bietenholz. Thomas Brian Deutscher. Contemporaries of Erasmus: A Biographical Register of the Renaissance and Reformation. 1 January 2003. University of Toronto Press. 978-0-8020-8577-1. 71.
5. Book: Plinio Prioreschi. A History of Medicine: Renaissance medicine. 1996. Horatius Press. 978-1-888456-06-6. 65.
6. Book: Exeter Diocesan Architectural and Archaeological Society. EDAAS. Exeter, England. Transactions of the Exeter Diocesan Architectural Society. 1867. 218.
7. Book: Reinhard Strohm. The Rise of European Music, 1380–1500. 17 February 2005. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-61934-9. 285.
8. Book: The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2003. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 978-0-85229-961-6. 733.