12th Congress of Deputies explained

Box Width:	25em
12th Congress of Deputies
Body:	Congress of Deputies
Meeting Place:	Palacio de las Cortes
Election:	26 June 2016
Before:	11th
After:	13th
Chamber1:	Deputies
Chamber1 Image:	Congreso de los Diputados de la XII Legislatura de España.svg
Membership1:	350
Chamber1 Leader1 Type:	President
Chamber1 Leader1:	Ana Pastor (PP)
Chamber1 Leader2 Type:	First Vice-President
Chamber1 Leader2:	Ignacio Prendes (Cs)
Chamber1 Leader3 Type:	Second Vice-President
Chamber1 Leader3:	Micaela Navarro (PSOE)
Chamber1 Leader4 Type:	Third Vice-President
Chamber1 Leader4:	Rosa Romero (PP)
Chamber1 Leader5 Type:	Fourth Vice-President
Chamber1 Leader5:	Gloria Elizo (UP)
Chamber1 Leader6 Type:	First Secretary
Chamber1 Leader6:	Alicia Sánchez-Camacho (PP)
Chamber2 Leader1 Type:	Second Secretary
Chamber2 Leader1:	Juan Luis Gordo (PSOE)
Chamber2 Leader2 Type:	Third Secretary
Chamber2 Leader2:	Marcelo Expósito (ECP)
Chamber2 Leader3 Type:	Fourth Secretary
Chamber2 Leader3:	Patricia Reyes (Cs)

The 12th Congress of Deputies was a meeting of the Congress of Deputies, the lower house of the Spanish, with the membership determined by the results of the 2016 general election held on 26 June 2016. The congress met for the first time on 19 July 2016 and was dissolved prematurely on 5 March 2019.

Election

The 12th Spanish general election was held on 26 June 2016. At the election the conservative People's Party remained the largest party in the Congress of Deputies but fell short of a majority.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Alliance		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
		7,941,236	33.01%	137	14
		5,443,846	22.63%	85	5
		5,087,538	21.15%	71	–
		3,141,570	13.06%	32	8
		639,652	2.66%	9	–
		483,488	2.01%	8	–
		287,014	1.19%	5	1
	Others/blanks	1,029,411	4.28%	3	–
Total	24,053,755	100.00%	350	–

History

The new congress met for the first time on 19 July 2016 and after two rounds of voting Ana Pastor (PP) was elected as President of the Congress of Deputies with the support of the Cs.^{[4] [5]}

Other members of the Bureau of the Congress of Deputies were also elected on 19 July 2016: Ignacio Prendes (Cs), First Vice-President; Micaela Navarro (PSOE), Second Vice-President; Rosa Romero (PP), Third Vice-President; Gloria Elizo (Podemos), Fourth Vice-President; Alicia Sánchez-Camacho (PP), First Secretary; Juan Luis Gordo (PSOE), Second Secretary; Marcelo Expósito (ECP), Third Secretary; and Patricia Reyes (Cs), Fourth Secretary.^{[6] [7]}

President^[8]
Candidate			Votes
			Round 1	Round 2
			169	169
			85	155
			71	-
			8	-
align=left colspan="3"	Blank	17	25
align=left colspan="3"	Total	350	349

Vice-President
Candidate			Votes
			96
			85
			83
			71
align=left colspan="3"	Blank	14
align=left colspan="3"	Null	1
align=left colspan="3"	Total	350

Secretary
Candidate			Votes
			111
			85
			70
			57
align=left colspan="3"	Blank	26
align=left colspan="3"	Null	1
align=left colspan="3"	Total	350

After a protracted government formation and four rounds of voting, Mariano Rajoy (PP) was re-elected Prime Minister with the support of the Cs on 29 October 2016 after the PSOE leadership chose to abstain.^{[9] [10]}

Prime Minister (Mariano Rajoy)
	Votes
	Round 1^[11]	Round 2^[12]	Round 3^[13]	Round 4^[14]
	31 August 2016	2 September 2016	27 October 2016	29 October 2016
For	170	170	170	170
Against	180	180	180	111
Abstain	0	0	0	68
Absent	0	0	0	1
Total	350	350	350	350

In June 2017, following a series of corruption scandals involving the PP, Podemos submitted a motion of no confidence in Rajoy's government but on 14 June 2017 Congress rejected the motion after the PSOE leadership chose to abstain again.^{[15] [16]}

Prime Minister (Pablo Iglesias Turrión)^[17]
	Votes
For	82
Against	170
Abstain	97
Absent	1
Total	350

In May 2018, following another corruption scandal involving the PP, PSOE submitted a motion of no confidence in Rajoy's government and on 1 June 2018 Congress approved the motion after Podemos and various separatist, nationalist and regionalist parties chose to support the motion.^{[18] [19]} As a result of the vote PSOE leader Pedro Sánchez became Prime Minister.^{[20] [21]}

Prime Minister (Pedro Sánchez)^[22]
	Votes
For	180
Against	169
Abstain	1
Absent	0
Total	350

After the PSOE government refused to discuss right to self-determination for Catalonia, Catalan separatists joined the PP and Cs in voting down the 2019 General State Budget on 13 February 2019.^{[23] [24]} On 15 February 2019 Prime Minister Sánchez announced that a snap election would be held on 28 April 2019.^{[25] [26]} The 12th Cortes Generales was formally dissolved on 5 March 2019.^[27]

Deaths, disqualifications and resignations

The 12th congress saw the following deaths, disqualifications and resignations:

• 8 August 2016 - María Such (PSOE) resigned after being appointed director of the Valencian Institute of Women and Gender Equality.^{[28] [29]} She was replaced by Ciprià Ciscar (PSOE) on 24 August 2016.^[30]
• 22 August 2016 - Alejandro Ramírez (PP) died.^{[30] [31] [32]} He was replaced by Víctor Valentín Píriz (PP) on 29 August 2016.^[30]
• 20 September 2016 - María del Puerto Gallego (PSOE) resigned after being indicted for prevarication.^[33] He was replaced by Ricardo Cortés (PSOE) on 22 September 2016.^[34]
• 13 October 2016 - Domingo Lorenzo (Cs) resigned for personal reasons.^[35] He was replaced by María Sandra Juliá (Cs) on 17 October 2016.^[35]
• 17 October 2016 - Alfonso Alonso (PP) resigned after being elected to the Basque Parliament.^[35] He was replaced by Javier Ignacio Maroto (PP) on 18 October 2016.^[35]
• 29 October 2016 - Pedro Sánchez (POSE) resigned following an internal crisis in the PSOE.^[36] He was replaced by María Carlota Merchán (PSOE) on 15 November 2016.^[37]
• 18 November 2016 - Irene Garrido (PP) resigned after being appointed Secretary of State for the Economy.^[38] She was replaced by Tomás Javier Fole (PP) on 22 November 2016.^[38]
• 21 November 2016 - Matilde Asian (PP) and José Enrique Fernández (PP) resigned after being appointed Secretary of State for Tourism and Secretary of State for Finance respectively.^[38] They were replaced by Celia Alberto (PP) and Javier Calvente (PP) respectively on 22 November 2016.^[38]
• 25 November 2016 - Tomás Burgos (PP), José Antonio Nieto (PP) and Juan María Vazquez (PP) resigned after being appointed Secretary of State for Social Security, Secretary of State for Security and Secretary of State for Science and Innovation respectively.^[39] They were replaced by Raquel Lourdes Alonso (PP), Isabel Cabezas (PP) and Francisco Javier Ruano (PP) respectively on 29 November 2016.^[39]
• 28 November 2016 - Pedro Azpiazu (EAJ-PNV) resigned after being appointed Minister of Finance and Economy of the Basque Country.^[39] He was replaced by Idoia Sagastizabal (EAJ-PNV) on 13 December 2016.^[40]
• 28 November 2016 - Eloísa Cabrera (PP) resigned to prioritise her position as a municipal councillor.^[39] She was replaced by María del Carmen Navarro (PP) on 29 November 2016.^[39]
• 7 December 2016 - José María Lassalle (PP) resigned after being appointed Secretary of State for Information Society and Digital Agenda.^[40] He was replaced by Diego Movellán (PP) on 13 December 2016.^[40]
• 9 February 2017 - Ángeles Isac (PP) resigned in order to prepare for the 2019 municipal elections.^[41] She was replaced by María Torres (PP) on 14 February 2017.^[41]
• 29 March 2017 - Francesc Homs (PDeCAT) was disqualified for one year and one month by the Supreme Court for his role in the 2014 Catalan self-determination referendum.^[42] He was replaced by Feliu-Joan Guillaumes (PDeCAT) on 5 April 2017.^[43]
• 31 August 2017 - Antonio Trevín (PSOE) resigned following political disagreement with the PSOE leadership.^[44] He was replaced by Natalia González (PSOE) on 12 September 2017.^[44]
• 4 September 2017 - Eduardo Madina (PSOE) resigned following political disagreement with the PSOE leadership.^[44] He was replaced by José Enrique Serrano (PSOE) on 12 September 2017.^[44]
• 18 September 2017 - Carmen Álvarez-Arenas (PP) resigned following a scandal relating to non-declaration of income.^[45] She was replaced by Pilar Marcos (PP) on 19 September 2017.^[45]
• 9 November 2017 - Francisco Bernabé (PP) resigned after being appointed the national government's delegate in Murcia.^[46] He was replaced by María Dolores Bolarín (PP) on 14 November 2017.^[46]
• 14 November 2017 - Julián López (PSOE) resigned after being appointed Director-General of Analysis, Public Policies and Co-ordination of the Presidency of the Generalitat Valenciana.^[46] He was replaced by Herick Campos (PSOE) on 14 November 2017.^[46]
• 28 December 2017 - Jorge Moragas (PP) resigned after being appointed Spain's Permanent Representative to the United Nations.^[47] He was replaced by Ángeles Esteller (PP) on 6 February 2018.^[48]
• 17 January 2018 - Xavier Domènech (ECP) resigned after being elected to the Parliament of Catalonia.^[49] He was replaced by Alicia Ramos (ECP) on 6 February 2018.^[48]
• 1 June 2018 - Ester Capella (ERC–CatSí) and Teresa Jordà (ERC–CatSí) resigned after being appointed Minister of Justice and Minister of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food of Catalonia respectively.^[50] They were replaced by Carolina Telechea (ERC–CatSí) and Joan Margall (ERC–CatSí) respectively on 12 June 2018.^[50]
• 15 June 2018 - José Luis Ábalos (PSOE), Meritxell Batet (PSOE) and Margarita Robles (PSOE) resigned after being appointed Minister of Public Works, Minister of Territorial Policy and Civil Service and Minister of Defence respectively.^[51] They were replaced by Alicia Piquer (PSOE), Mohammed Chaib (PSOE) and Gema López (PSOE) respectively on 19 June 2018.^[51]
• 15 June 2018 - Mariano Rajoy (PP) retired from politics after being ousted as Prime Minister.^[51] He was replaced by Valentina Martínez (PP) on 19 June 2018.^[51]
• 19 June 2018 - Manuel Gabriel González (PSOE) resigned after being appointed the national government's delegate in Castilla–La Mancha.^[51] He was replaced by Soledad Amada Velasco (PSOE) on 26 June 2018.^[52]
• 20 June 2018 - Ana Botella (PSOE) resigned after being appointed Secretary of State for Security.^[52] She was replaced by Antonio Quintana (PSOE) on 26 June 2018.^[52]
• 22 June 2018 - Pedro Saura (PSOE) resigned after being appointed Secretary of State for Infrastructure.^[52] He was replaced by Carmen Baños (PSOE) on 2 July 2018.^{[53] [54]}
• 29 June 2018 - Ignacio Sánchez (PSOE) resigned after being appointed Secretary of State for Territorial Policy.^[53] He was replaced by Patricia Sierra (PSOE) on 2 July 2018.^{[53] [54]}
• 29 June 2018 - Pablo Matos (PP) resigned after being appointed to the Canary Islands Advisory Council.^[53] He was replaced by Manuel Luis Torres (PP) on 2 July 2018.^{[53] [54]}
• 10 September 2018 - Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría (PP) retired from politics.^{[55] [56] [57]} She was replaced by Mariano Pérez-Hickman (PP) on 11 September 2018.^{[55] [58] [59]}
• 14 November 2018 - María Dolores de Cospedal (PP) resigned following a scandal.^[60] She was replaced by Francisco Vañó (PP) on 20 November 2018.^[60]
• 26 December 2018 - Alfonso Candón (PP) resigned after being elected to the Parliament of Andalusia.^[61] He was replaced by Andrés Núñez (PP) on 22 January 2019.^[62]
• 21 January 2019 - Íñigo Errejón (UP) resigned following an internal crisis in Podemos.^[62] He was replaced by Sol Sánchez (Podemos) on 22 January 2019.^[62]
• 11 February 2019 - Juan Bravo (PP) resigned after being appointed Minister of Finance, Industry and Energy of Andalusia.^[63] He was replaced by Kissy Chandiramani (PP) on 12 February 2019.^[63]
• 15 February 2019 - Maria Rosa Martínez (UP) resigned after becoming the Elkarrekin Podemos's co-ordinator in the Basque Parliament.^[64] She was replaced by María Carmen Iglesias (UP) on 19 February 2019.^[64]
• 21 February 2019 - Rafael Merino (PP) resigned after being appointed director of the Public Agency of Ports of Andalusia.^[64] He was replaced by Manuel Torres (PP) on 21 February 2019.^[64]
• 22 February 2019 - Teófila Martínez (PP) resigned after being appointed president of the Port Authority of Cadiz.^[64] She was replaced by José Ignacio Romaní (PP) on 26 February 2019.^[65]

Members

scope=col	Name	scope=col	Constituency	scope=col	No.	scope=col colspan="2"	Party	scope=col colspan="2"	Alliance	scope=col	Group	scope=col	Took office	scope=col	Left office	scope=col width="200"	Notes
		2					Socialist			Replaced by Alicia Piquer.
		3					People's
		1					Basque
		3					People's
		2					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		5					People's
		3					People's
		4					People's			Replaces Matilde Asian.
		2					Socialist
		1					Mixed
		1					People's			Replaced by Javier Maroto.
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		3					People's
		3					People's			Replaces Tomás Burgos.
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					People's
		4					Socialist
		1					Citizens
		9					People's			Replaced by Pilar Marcos.
		1					People's
		1					Socialist
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		2					People's			Replaced by Celia Alberto.
		7					People's
		2					Basque			Replaced by Idoia Sagastizabal.
		11					People's
		1					Mixed
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		1					People's
		5					Socialist			Replaces Pedro Saura.
		2					Basque
		1					People's
		1					People's
		2					Socialist
		2					People's
		1					People's
		3					Mixed
		1					Socialist			Replaced by Mohammed Chaib.
		1					Mixed
		1					Mixed
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Socialist
		1					People's
		2					People's			Replaced by María Dolores Bolarín.
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		14					People's
		2					Socialist
		1					People's
		7					People's			Replaces Francisco Bernabé.
		2					People's
		3					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Socialist			Replaced by Antonio Quintana.
		1					People's			Replaced by Kissy Chandiramani.
		1					People's			Replaced by Raquel Alonso.
		3					UP–ECP–EM
		8					UP–ECP–EM
		4					People's			Replaces José Antonio Nieto.
		3					People's			Replaced by Carmen Navarro.
		3					People's			Replaces José Enrique Fernández.
		2					Socialist
		2					Socialist
		3					Socialist
		3					Socialist			Replaces Julián López.
		4					People's
		2					Mixed
		1					Socialist
		2					Mixed
		3					People's			Replaced by Andrés Núñez.
		2					Citizens
		1					Citizens
		6					Socialist
		1					Citizens
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		5					Republican Left
		3					Republican Left			Replaced by Carolina Telechea.
		3					UP–ECP–EM
		5					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					People's
		2					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					People's
		6					Socialist			Replaces Meritxell Batet.
		S					People's			Replaces Juan Bravo.
		4					People's
		4					Socialist			Replaces María Such.
		3					Mixed
		2					People's
		1					Citizens
		2					People's
		2					Socialist			Replaces María del Puerto Gallego.
		2					People's
		4					Socialist
		2					Socialist
		3					People's
		3					People's
		1					People's			Replaced by Francisco Vañó.
		1					Socialist
		8					People's
		10					People's
		2					People's
		1					Citizens
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					People's
		3					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Socialist
		2					Citizens
		2					People's
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		2					Citizens
		1					Socialist
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		1					UP–ECP–EM			Replaced by Alicia Ramos.
		1					People's
		12					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM			Fourth Vice-President.
		1					Socialist
		1					Republican Left
		3					UP–ECP–EM			Replaced by Sol Sánchez.
		1					People's
		1					People's
		1					Basque
		5					People's			Replaces Jorge Moragas.
		8					UP–ECP–EM			Third Secretary.
		3					Citizens
		4					UP–ECP–EM
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					People's
		1					Socialist
		1					People's
		1					People's			Replaced by Javier Calvente.
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Socialist
		1					Socialist
		1					People's
		5					People's			Replaces Irene Garrido.
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Socialist
		2					Socialist
		1					Socialist			Replaced by Ricardo Cortés.
		1					Socialist
		6					People's
		1					Citizens
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		3					People's
		1					People's
		3					People's
		2					People's
		6					UP–ECP–EM
		2					Socialist
		1					People's
		1					People's
		2					People's
		2					People's
		2					People's			Replaced by Tomás Fole.
		5					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Citizens
		1					Citizens
		1					Citizens
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		4					People's
		13					People's
		2					Socialist
		1					Socialist			Replaced by Soledad Velasco.
		1					Socialist
		2					People's
		2					People's
		3					Socialist			Replaces Antonio Trevín.
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Socialist			Second Secretary.
		3					UP–ECP–EM
		5					Mixed			Replaces Francesc Homs.
		5					Socialist
		3					Socialist
		4					Citizens
		1					Socialist
		4					People's
		1					People's
		3					Socialist
		1					People's
		1					Socialist
		2					People's
		1					Mixed			Replaced by Feliu Guillaumes.
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		2					People's
		2					Socialist
		1					Citizens
		5					UP–ECP–EM			Replaces Maria Rosa Martínez.
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		2					People's			Replaced by María Torres.
		2					Socialist
		1					Republican Left			Replaced by Joan Margall.
		2					Citizens			Replaces Domingo Lorenzo.
		3					People's
		1					Socialist
		1					Socialist
		2					People's			Replaced by Diego Movellán.
		1					Socialist
		1					Basque
		10					Socialist			Replaces Margarita Robles.
		1					People's
		1					Socialist			Replaced by Herick Campos.
		1					Socialist
		1					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Citizens			Replaced by María Sandra Juliá.
		1					People's
		1					Socialist
		1					Socialist
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		7					Socialist			Replaced by José Enrique Serrano.
		1					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		16					People's			Replaces Carmen Álvarez-Arenas.
		2					People's
		3					Republican Left			Replaces Teresa Jordà.
		2					People's
		3					People's
		2					People's			Replaces Alfonso Alonso.
		1					Socialist
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Citizens
		3					People's
		15					People's
		2					Mixed
		2					Citizens
		1					Socialist
		2					UP–ECP–EM			Replaced by María Carmen Iglesias.
		17					People's			Replaces Mariano Rajoy.
		1					People's			Replaced by José Ignacio Romaní.
		1					People's
		2					People's
		1					People's
		2					People's			Replaced by Manuel Luis Torres.
		1					Mixed
		6					Citizens
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		6					UP–ECP–EM
		2					Socialist
		7					UP–ECP–EM
		1					People's
		8					Socialist			Replaces Pedro Sánchez.
		2					People's			Replaced by Manuel Torres Fernández.
		1					Citizens
		2					Mixed
		2					People's
		2					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		4					UP–ECP–EM
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		4					People's
		4					People's
		2					People's			Replaced by Ángeles Esteller.
		4					People's
		3					People's
		3					People's
		2					People's
		3					People's			Replaces José María Lassalle.
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Socialist
		5					People's
		4					People's			Replaces Eloísa Cabrera.
		1					Citizens
		1					Socialist			Second Vice-President.
		1					People's
		1					People's			Replaced by Isabel Cabezas.
		4					Mixed
		4					People's			Replaces Alfonso Candón.
		2					Republican Left
		1					Mixed
		1					Socialist
		1					People's
		2					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					People's			President.
		4					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Socialist
		3					Socialist
		5					People's
		1					Socialist
		1					Socialist
		2					People's
		18					People's			Replaces Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría.
		5					Socialist			Replaces José Luis Ábalos.
		4					People's			Replaces Alejandro Ramírez.
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		2					Socialist
		1					People's
		2					People's
		1					Mixed
		1					Socialist
		1					Citizens			First Vice-President.
		2					Mixed
		6					Socialist			Replaces Ana Botella.
		2					People's
		1					People's			Replaced by Valentina Martínez.
		1					Socialist
		2					People's			Replaced by Víctor Píriz.
		1					Citizens
		1					Socialist
		10					UP–ECP–EM			Replaces Xavier Domènech.
		2					Socialist
		1					Socialist
		5					Citizens			Fourth Secretary.
		3					People's
		1					Citizens
		1					Citizens
		3					Citizens
		2					Socialist			Replaced by Gema López.
		1					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Socialist
		2					Socialist
		1					Socialist
		1					Citizens
		1					People's
		3					People's
		2					Citizens
		5					People's			Replaces Teófila Martínez.
		2					People's
		3					People's
		1					People's			Third Vice-President.
		1					Socialist
		6					People's			Replaces Juan María Vazquez.
		1					Republican Left
		1					Socialist
		2					People's			Replaced by Mariano Pérez-Hickman.
		7					Basque			Replaces Pedro Azpiazu.
		1					Socialist
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		2					Mixed
		1					Republican Left
		1					Citizens
		2					Socialist			Replaced by Patricia Sierra.
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Socialist			Replaced by Carlota Merchán.
		9					UP–ECP–EM			Replaces Íñigo Errejón.
		7					UP–ECP–EM
		3					People's			First Secretary.
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		2					Socialist			Replaced by Carmen Baños.
		1					Socialist
		9					Socialist			Replaces Eduardo Madina.
		1					Socialist
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		2					Socialist
		3					Socialist			Replaces Ignacio Sánchez.
		5					Socialist
		5					UP–ECP–EM
		1					Mixed
		1					People's
		3					Socialist			Replaced by Ciprià Ciscar.
		1					Socialist
		4					Republican Left
		2					Republican Left
		2					People's
		6					Republican Left			Replaces Ester Capella.
		2					Citizens
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		3					Socialist
		4					People's			Replaces Pablo Matos.
		4					People's			Replaces Ángeles Isac.
		5					People's			Replaces Rafael Merino.
		2					People's
		2					Socialist			Replaced by Natalia González.
		2					Socialist
		1					Socialist
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		1					People's
		4					People's			Replaces María Dolores de Cospedal.
		4					People's			Replaced by Javier Ruano.
		3					People's
		2					Socialist			Replaces Manuel Gabriel González.
		3					UP–ECP–EM
		6					People's
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		9					UP–ECP–EM
		5					UP–ECP–EM
		1					UP–ECP–EM
		2					People's
		4					Citizens
		1					People's
		1					Mixed
		2					UP–ECP–EM
		4					Socialist
		1					People's
		1					People's

References

• Otras Disposiciones: Junta Electoral Central - Elecciones generales. Proclamación de candidaturas . . 31 May 2016 . 131 . 35491–35754 . 12 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish . 0212-033X.
• Otras Disposiciones: Junta Electoral Central - Elecciones generales. Resultados . . 22 July 2016 . 176 . 51675–51686 . 12 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish . 0212-033X.

Notes and References

1. Web site: Consulta de Resultados Electorales: Congreso / Junio 2016 - Total nacional . . 28 March 2019 . Madrid, Spain . Spanish . 27 July 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200727193919/http://www.infoelectoral.mir.es/infoelectoral/min/busquedaAvanzadaAction.html?vuelta=1&codTipoEleccion=2&codPeriodo=201606&codEstado=99&codComunidad=0&codProvincia=0&codMunicipio=0&codDistrito=0&codSeccion=0&codMesa=0 . dead .
2. News: Spanish election: PP wins most seats but deadlock remains . 30 September 2018 . . 27 June 2016 . London, U.K..
3. News: Jones . Sam . Spanish elections: Mariano Rajoy struggles to build coalition . 30 September 2018 . . 27 June 2016 . London, U.K..
4. News: Cruz . Marisa . Sanz . Luis Ángel . Ana Pastor, presidenta del Congreso con 169 votos a favor frente a los 155 de Patxi López . 30 September 2018 . . 19 July 2016 . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
5. News: Current PP Minister, Ana Pastor, new President of Spanish Parliament . 30 September 2018 . . 19 July 2016 . Barcelona, Spain.
6. News: El diputado por Segovia Juan Luis Gordo (PSOE), secretario segundo de la Mesa . 30 September 2018 . . 19 July 2016 . Barcelona, Spain . Spanish.
7. News: Carpio . José Á. . Ana Pastor, elegida presidenta del Congreso por mayoría simple, pide "no defraudar" a los ciudadanos . 30 September 2018 . . 19 July 2016.
8. Sesión Constitutiva . Diario de Sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados - Pleno y Diputación Permanente . 19 July 2016 . XII . 1 . 11–13 . 30 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
9. News: Minder . Raphael . Mariano Rajoy Re-elected as Spain's Prime Minister . 28 March 2019 . . 29 October 2016 . New York, U.S.A..
10. News: Mariano Rajoy wins vote to lead Spain minority government . 28 March 2019 . . 29 October 2016 . London, U.K..
11. Sesión plenaria núm. 3 . Diario de Sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados - Pleno y Diputación Permanente . 31 August 2016 . XII . 4 . 108 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
12. Sesión plenaria núm. 4 . Diario de Sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados - Pleno y Diputación Permanente . 2 September 2016 . XII . 5 . 24 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
13. Sesión plenaria núm. 12 . Diario de Sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados - Pleno y Diputación Permanente . 27 October 2016 . XII . 13 . 103 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
14. Sesión plenaria núm. 13 . Diario de Sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados - Pleno y Diputación Permanente . 29 October 2016 . XII . 14 . 22 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
15. News: Spain's PM Mariano Rajoy survives no-confidence vote . 28 March 2019 . . 14 June 2017 . Doha, Qatar.
16. News: Day . Paul . Spain's parliament rejects no-confidence motion against PM Rajoy . https://web.archive.org/web/20190213220340/https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idAFKBN1951RV . dead . 13 February 2019 . 28 March 2019 . . 14 June 2017.
17. Sesión plenaria núm. 59 . Diario de Sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados - Pleno y Diputación Permanente . 14 June 2017 . XII . 61 . 59 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
18. News: Jones . Sam . Mariano Rajoy ousted as Spain's prime minister . 28 March 2019 . . 1 June 2018 . London, U.K..
19. News: Minder . Raphael . Spain's Prime Minister, Mariano Rajoy, Is Ousted in No-Confidence Vote . 28 March 2019 . . 1 June 2018 . New York, U.S.A..
20. News: Mariano Rajoy: Spanish PM forced out of office . 28 March 2019 . . 1 June 2018 . London, U.K..
21. News: Spain Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy forced to step down . 28 March 2019 . . 1 June 2018 . Doha, Qatar.
22. Sesión plenaria núm. 122 . Diario de Sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados - Pleno y Diputación Permanente . 1 June 2018 . XII . 127 . 23 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
23. News: Spain budget failure puts snap election on the cards . 28 March 2019 . . 13 February 2019 . London, U.K..
24. News: Spanish PM calls emergency meeting after budget rejected . 28 March 2019 . . . 13 February 2019 . Bonn, Germany.
25. News: Guy . Jack . Perez Maestro . Laura . Spain calls snap elections for April 28 . 28 March 2019 . . 15 February 2019 . Atlanta, U.S.A..
26. News: Burgen . Stephen . Spain's PM calls snap general election for 28 April . 28 March 2019 . . 15 February 2019 . London, U.K..
27. Otras Disposiciones: Jefatura del Estado - Cortes Generales. Disolución y convocatoria de elecciones . . 5 March 2019 . 55 . 21025–21026 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish . 0212-033X.
28. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 12 August 2016 . XII . 6 . 2 . 13 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
29. News: Giménez . Miguel . Renovación en el PSOE: Los socialistas cambian a su diputada más joven por el más veterano . 19 September 2018 . . 8 August 2016 . Spanish.
30. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 2 September 2016 . XII . 8 . 2 . 13 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
31. News: Muere por enfermedad el diputado del PP por Badajoz Alejandro Ramírez del Molino . 13 September 2018 . . 22 August 2016 . Spanish.
32. News: Fallece el político del PP extremeño Alejandro Ramírez del Molino . 13 September 2018 . . 22 August 2016 . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
33. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 22 September 2016 . XII . 19 . 4 . 17 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
34. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 5 October 2016 . XII . 28 . 3 . 17 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
35. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 24 October 2016 . XII . 37 . 5 . 17 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
36. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 10 November 2016 . XII . 47 . 2 . 17 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
37. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 17 November 2016 . XII . 52 . 2 . 17 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
38. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 30 November 2016 . XII . 61 . 3 . 17 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
39. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 9 December 2016 . XII . 66 . 3–4 . 17 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
40. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 21 December 2016 . XII . 73 . 3 . 17 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
41. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 16 February 2017 . XII . 104 . 2 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
42. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 31 March 2017 . XII . 134 . 3 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
43. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 17 April 2017 . XII . 143 . 3 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
44. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 19 September 2017 . XII . 211 . 2 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
45. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 26 September 2017 . XII . 216 . 2 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
46. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 17 November 2017 . XII . 250 . 3 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
47. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 3 January 2018 . XII . 278 . 2 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
48. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 14 February 2018 . XII . 297 . 4 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
49. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 22 January 2018 . XII . 285 . 2 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
50. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 19 June 2018 . XII . 372 . 3 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
51. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 22 June 2018 . XII . 375 . 3 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
52. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 29 June 2018 . XII . 380 . 3 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
53. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 10 July 2018 . XII . 387 . 4 . 19 September 2018 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
54. News: Manuel Luis Torres, Carmen Baños y Patricia Sierra, nuevos diputados . 19 September 2018 . . . 2 July 2018 . Barcelona, Spain . Spanish.
55. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 25 September 2018 . XII . 418 . 6 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
56. News: Junquera . Natalia . Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría deja la política . 19 September 2018 . . 10 September 2018 . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
57. News: Mayor Ortega . Leonor . Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría deja la política . 19 September 2018 . . 10 September 2018 . Barcelona, Spain . Spanish.
58. News: Un imputado por un delito medioambiental sustituye a Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría en el Congreso . 19 September 2018 . . 11 September 2018 . Spanish.
59. News: El sustituto de Sáenz de Santamaría en el Congreso, investigado por un delito medioambiental . 19 September 2018 . . . 11 September 2018 . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
60. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 23 November 2018 . XII . 457 . 3 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
61. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 4 January 2019 . XII . 476 . 3 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
62. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 25 January 2019 . XII . 487 . 2 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
63. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 14 February 2019 . XII . 496 . 2 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
64. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 27 February 2019 . XII . 505 . 3 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.
65. Serie D: General - Composición y organización de la Cámara - Pleno . Boletín Oficial de las Cortes Generales . 6 March 2019 . XII . 510 . 5 . 28 March 2019 . . Madrid, Spain . Spanish.