1290s in England explained

Other decades
		1290s		1310s

Events from the 1290s in England.

Incumbents

• Monarch – Edward I

Events

1290

• 21 May – the statute of quo warranto establishes the concept of time immemorial in English law, dating it to before the accession of Richard I of England in 1189.^[1]
• 8 July – the statute Quia Emptores is passed, reforming the feudal system of land leases and allowing the sale of fee simple estates.
• 18 July – the Edict of Expulsion is issued expelling all the Jews from England (at this time probably around 2,000) by 1 November.^[2]
• The second of the Statutes of Mortmain is passed under King Edward I, which prevents land from passing into possession of the church.
• Approximate date of construction of the Round Table at Winchester Castle by order of King Edward.

1291

• 10 May – at Norham Castle, Edward forces the Scottish nobles to recognise his right to determine the succession to the throne of Scotland.
• 8 August – twelve applicants submit their claims to the Scottish throne to Edward I.
• The Eleanor crosses are erected at Charing Cross and across England marking the route of the funeral procession Edward I's Queen, Eleanor of Castile.
• Construction of the nave of York Minster begins.

1292

• 17 November – Edward I places John Balliol on the Scottish throne.
• Edward I reforms and standardises the system of legal education.
• Great Coxwell Barn is built; it will still be standing in the 21st century.

1293

• 13 February – Robert Winchelsey elected as Archbishop of Canterbury, an office he will hold until his death in 1313.
• 15 May – English fleet defeats a French force and sacks La Rochelle.

1294

• January – war breaks out between England and France when Philip IV of France attempts to seize Gascony from English control.
• 14 May – Philip formally announces the confiscation of Gascony.
• June – Edward I takes direct control of the English wool trade (until 1297).
• 24 August – Treaty of Nuremberg: England allies with the Holy Roman Empire against France.
• September – Madog ap Llywelyn leads a Welsh revolt against English rule.
• 9 October – delayed by the Welsh revolt, an English army finally leaves to invade France.
• November – Edward I requires coastal towns to build ships for an expedition to France.^[3]
• Edward I demands from the Church a grant of one half of all clerical revenues.^[4]

1295

• 5 March – Battle of Maes Moydog: English defeat Welsh rebels.
• 5 July – Scotland and France form the Auld Alliance against England.
• 13 November – Edward I summons the Model Parliament to Westminster, the composition of which serves as a model for later parliaments.

1296

• 30 March – Capture of Berwick: Edward I captures the town of Berwick-upon-Tweed from the Scots and sacks it.
• 27 April – at the Battle of Dunbar, the English defeat the Scots.
• August – Edward takes the Stone of Scone from Scotland to London.
• 28 August – Scottish assembly pays homage to Edward at Berwick. Edward establishes a system of English rule over Scotland.

1297

• 30 January – Edward I outlaws the clergy who have refused to pay his taxes due to an edict of Pope Boniface VIII.
• 24 February – a parliament assembled at Salisbury refuses to endorse Edward's war in Gascony.
• May – William Wallace begins a Scottish rebellion against English rule.
• 24 August – Edward I leaves England to support an invasion of France by the Flemish Count Guy of Dampierre.
• 11 September – at the Battle of Stirling Bridge, the Scots under William Wallace defeat an English army.
• 7 October – a truce is signed between England and France.
• 10 October – Confirmation of Charters: Edward issues a statute reconfirming Magna Carta; copies are to be displayed in every cathedral.

1298

• 22 July – at the Battle of Falkirk, Edward I defeats the Scottish army led by William Wallace.
• Rebuilding of Saint Stephen's Chapel at Westminster begins.

1299

• 4 January – earthquake felt across the home counties.
• 27 June – Pope Boniface VIII issues the papal bull Scimus Fili condemning King Edward I's invasion and occupation of Scotland.
• 4 September – Edward I marries Marguerite, sister of King Philip IV.^[5]
• A fire damages the Palace of Westminster.^[6]

Births

1292

• Henry Burghersh, statesman (died 1340)
• Eleanor de Clare, noblewoman (died 1337)
• John Grandisson, Bishop of Exeter (died 1369)

1293

• Margaret de Clare, noblewoman (died 1342)

1295

• 16 September – Elizabeth de Clare, noblewoman (died 1360)
• Reginald de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham (died 1361)

1297

• Thomas Wake, 2nd Baron Wake of Liddell (died 1349)

Deaths

1290

• 28 November – Eleanor of Castile, queen of Edward I of England (born 1241)

1291

• 26 June – Eleanor of Provence, queen of Henry III of England (born c. 1223)

1292

• June? – Roger Bacon, philosopher and scientist (born c. 1220?)
• 25 October – Robert Burnell, bishop and Lord Chancellor (born c. 1239)
• 8 December – John Peckham, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1230)

1295

• 7 December – Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, politician (born 1243)

1296

• May – William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke (year of birth unknown)
• 5 June – Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster, son of Henry III of England (born 1245)

1297

• 11 September – Hugh de Cressingham, treasurer (year of birth unknown)
• 31 December – Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford, soldier (born 1249)

1298

• 24 January – William the Hardy, Lord of Douglas (born 1243 in Scotland)

Notes and References

1. Book: Williams, Hywel. Cassell's Chronology of World History. registration. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 2005. 0-304-35730-8. 150–152.
2. Mundill, Robin R. (2002). England's Jewish Solution: Experiment and Expulsion, 1262–1290. Cambridge University Press. . p. 27.
3. Ian. Friel. The building of the Lyme Galley, 1294–1296. Dorset Natural History & Archaeological Society Proceedings. 1986. 108. 41–4.
4. Book: Prestwich, Michael. Michael Prestwich. Edward I. Yale University Press. New Haven. 1997. updated. 0-300-07209-0. 403–4.
5. Book: Palmer, Alan. Palmer. Veronica. 1992. The Chronology of British History. Century Ltd. London. 91–94. 0-7126-5616-2.
6. Book: The London Encyclopaedia. Ben. Weinreb. Christopher. Hibbert. Macmillan. 1995. 0-333-57688-8. 287.