| Minorplanet: | yes |
| 1277 Dolores | |
| Background: |
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| Discovered: | 18 April 1933 |
| Mpc Name: | (1277) Dolores |
| Alt Names: | 1933 HA1925 SE 1929 NB1942 JA 1951 PB |
| Named After: | Dolores Ibárruri |
| Epoch: | 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) |
| Uncertainty: | 0 |
| Observation Arc: | 84.05 yr (30,699 days) |
| Perihelion: | 2.0598 AU |
| Semimajor: | 2.7008 AU |
| Eccentricity: | 0.2373 |
| Period: | 4.44 yr (1,621 days) |
| Mean Motion: | / day |
| Inclination: | 6.9674° |
| Asc Node: | 247.04° |
| Arg Peri: | 46.992° |
| Mean Diameter: | km km km km |
| Albedo: | |
| Spectral Type: | Tholen C SMASS Cb C B–V 0.730 U–B 0.378 |
| Abs Magnitude: | 11.05 |
1277 Dolores (prov. designation:) is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 27km (17miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 18 April 1933, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named after Spanish communist Dolores Ibárruri.
Dolores is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements. It orbits the Sun in the central main belt at a distance of 2.1–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,621 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.24 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid was first identified as at Simeiz Observatory in September 1925. The body's observation arc begins at Yerkes Observatory (or Simeiz) in June 1933, approximately 2 months after its official discovery observation.
This minor planet was named after Spanish communists Dolores Ibárruri (1895–1989). Known as "La Pasionária" (Passionflower), she co-founded the communist party in Spain in 1920, and lead the party while in exile. Dolores Ibárruri returned to Spain in 1977, and became a member of the parliament. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 .
In the Tholen classification, Dolores is a carbonaceous C-type asteroid, while in the SMASS classification, it is classified as a Cb-subtype, that transitions to the brighter B-type asteroids. It has also been characterized as a C-type by Pan-STARRS photometric survey.
In July 2000, a rotational lightcurve of Dolores was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Robert Stephens. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 17.19 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.45 magnitude, indicative of a somewhat elongated shape.
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Dolores measures between 23.72 and 32.59 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.063 and 0.095. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the result obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0879 and a diameter of 27.64 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.05.