11th century in literature explained

This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in the 11th century.

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Events

• c. 1000–1025 – The only surviving manuscript of Beowulf is written.
• 1007 – The Book of Kells is probably stolen from the Abbey of Kells in Ireland for several months.^[1]
• 1016 – The Icelandic skald Bersi Skáldtorfuson is captured at the naval Battle of Nesjar and imprisoned.
• c. 1022 – Nannayya, Aadi Kavi ("the first poet"), begins work on Andhra Mahabharatam, a translation of the Mahabharata into Telugu and the first work of Telugu literature.
• 1029 – Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni orders the library of Rey in Persia to be burned and all books to be deemed as heretical.^[2]
• 1070
  • The Temple of Literature, Hanoi, is founded in the Vietnamese capital.^[3]
  • King Bleddyn ap Cynfyn enacts new laws regulating the activities of Welsh bards and musicians.
• 1080–1086 – The Chinese poet and polymath Su Shi is sent into internal exile for political reasons. During this period he writes the first and second Chibifu (Chinese: 赤壁賦 "The Red Cliffs").
• 1086 – Poet-ruler of Al-Andalus, Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad, kills his fellow-poet, former lover and vizier Muhammad ibn Ammar.

New works

• 1000
  • Al-Tasrif (كتاب التصريف لمن عجز عن التأليف The Method of Medicine), by Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis)
  • The Remaining Signs of Past Centuries (کتاب الآثار الباقية عن القرون الخالية Kitāb al-āthār al-bāqiyah `an al-qurūn al-khāliyah), by Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī
• c. 1000 – The Battle of Maldon (Old English)^[4]
• c. 1008–10 – The Diary of Lady Murasaki (紫式部日記 Murasaki Shikibu Nikki), by Murasaki Shikibu (in kana script)
• 1010: March 8 (completed) – Shahnameh by Ferdowsi
• 1011 – Manual (Enchiridion) by Byrhtferth of Ramsey Abbey
• 1012–18 – Chronicon Thietmari by Thietmar of Merseburg
• By 1018 – Confessio Theologica by John of Fécamp
• 1019 – Legenda Sancti Goeznovii by 'William'
• By 1021 – The Tale of Genji (源氏物語 Genji monogatari), by Murasaki Shikibu
• 1021 – Book of Optics by Alhazen
• 1025 – The Canon of Medicine by Avicenna
• 1027 – The Book of Healing by Avicenna
• 1026–46 – Historiarum libri quinque ab anno incarnationis DCCCC usque ad annum MXLIV (History in five books from AD 900–1044) by Rodulfus Glaber
• c. 1040–44 – Wujing Zongyao (武經總要, "Collection of the Most Important Military Techniques") by Zeng Gongliang, Ding Du, Yang Weide and others
• c. 1040–53 – Mukhtar al-hikam wa mahasin al-kalim (Choice Maxims and Finest Sayings), by al-Mubashshir ibn Fatiq
• 1041–42 – Encomium Emmae Reginae probably by a Flemish monk of the Abbey of Saint Bertin, Saint-Omer
• Mid-11th century – Sponsus
• After c. 1040 – Le Chanson de Roland (The Song of Roland), original version, perhaps by Turold
• c. 1049 – Chronicle of Nantes (Chronicon Namnetense) concludes
• c. 1054–76 – Cançó de Santa Fe by an anonymous clerk in a Catalan dialect of Old Occitan
• After 1056 – Liber precum variarum by John of Fécamp
• 1064 – Liniantu (歷年圖 "Chart of Successive Years") by Sima Guang
• 1066 – by Sima Guang
  • Leipian (類篇 Classified Chapters; Chinese dictionary)
  • Tongzhi (通志 Comprehensive Records (of Chinese history))
• 1070 – Kutadgu Bilig (The Wisdom Which Brings Good Fortune), by Yusuf Khass Hajib of Balasagun in the Kara-Khanid Khanate (Uyghur language)
• c. 1070 – Hamamatsu Chūnagon Monogatari (浜松中納言物語), attributed to Takasue's Daughter
  • c. 1070 – Kathāsaritsāgara by Somadeva 1073–76 – Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum by Adam of Bremen
• c. 1075 – Vita sancta Servatii and Miracula sancta Servatii (life and miracles of Saint Servatius) by Jocundus
• 1077 – Monologion (Monologue) by Anselm
• 1077–78 – Proslogion (Address) by Anselm
• 1084 –Zizhi Tongjian (資治通鑑; Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government) by Sima Guang
• 1086 – Domesday Book
• c. 1087 – Almanac by Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī (Arzachel)
• 1088 – Dream Pool Essays (夢溪筆談, Mèng Xī Bǐ Tán) by Shen Kuo
• 1098 – Elucidarium by Honorius Augustodunensis
• Late 11th century
  • The Incoherence of the Philosophers (تهافت الفلاسفة,) by Al-Ghazali
  • Lebor Gabála Érenn
  • Siyasatnama (سياست نامه) by Nizam al-Mulk (Persian)
• 11th or 12th century – Betha Meic Creiche (Life of Mac Creiche, in Middle Irish)
• c. 11th century – The Records of Origin on Things and Affairs (事物纪原), by Gao Cheng
• Heian period
  • Sarashina Nikki (更級日記, a travel diary) by Takasue's Daughter
  • Yoru no Nezame (夜の寝覚, Wakefulness at Night), attributed to Takasue's Daughter, but perhaps written after 1086

Births

• c. 1001 – Wallada bint al-Mustakfi, al-Andalusian poet and princess (died 1091)^[5]
• c. 1003 – Ibn Zaydún, Arab poet (died 1071)
• c. 1033 – Anselm of Canterbury, Aosta-born scholastic philosopher, archbishop and saint (died 1109)
• 1037: January 8 – Su Shi, Chinese poet (died 1101)
• 1040: February 22 – Rashi, French rabbinical scholar (died 1105)
• 1048: May 18 – Omar Khayyám, Persian philosopher, scientist and presumed poet (died 1131)
• 1078: Ibn Quzman, al-Andalusian poet (died 1160)
• 1079: Peter Abelard, French philosopher, theologian, and poet (died 1142)

Deaths

• 1001 – Wang Yucheng, Chinese poet (born 954)^[6]
• c. 1002 – Hrotsvitha, Saxon secular canoness and writer of Latin poetry and drama (born c. 935)
• c. 1010 – Ælfric of Eynsham, abbot and religious writer in Old English (born c. 955)
• 1029 – Koshikibu no Naishi (小式部内侍), Japanese waka poet
• 1037 – Avicenna (Ibn-Sīnā), Persian polymath
• 1064: August 15 – Ibn Hazm (al-Andalusī aẓ-Ẓāhirī), Andalusian polymath (born 994)
• 1079: February 22 – John of Fécamp, Italian-born Benedictine abbot and spiritual writer

In literature

• Paul Kingsnorth's novel The Wake (2014) is set around the Norman conquest of England.

See also

• 11th century in poetry
• 10th century in literature
• 12th century in literature
• list of years in literature

Notes and References

1. Annals of Ulster.
2. Moslem Libraries and Sectarian Propaganda . Ruth Stellhorn . Mackensen . . 51 . 2 . 93–94 . January 1935. 10.1086/370447 . 170296340 .
3. Web site: Temple of Literature – Ancient University in Hanoi, Vietnam . Michael . Aquino . About.com . 2013-11-11 . 2016-12-04 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161204035812/http://goseasia.about.com/od/vietnamstopattractions/a/temple_of_literature_hanoi.htm . dead .
4. Book: Palmer, Alan . Palmer . Veronica . 1992 . The Chronology of British History . Century Ltd . London . 47 . 0-7126-5616-2.
5. Book: Westfahl. Gary. A Day in a Working Life: 300 Trades and Professions through History [3 volumes]

   300 Trades and Professions through History]

   . 2015. ABC-CLIO. 9781610694032. 418. en.
6. Web site: 王禹偁 954–1001. worldcat.org. 1 July 2017.