April 10 Explained
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
- 1606 - The Virginia Company of London is established by royal charter by James I of England with the purpose of establishing colonial settlements in North America.
- 1710 - The Statute of Anne, the first law regulating copyright, comes into force in Great Britain.
- 1717 - Robert Walpole resigns from the British government, commencing the Whig Split which lasts until 1720.[6]
- 1724 - Bach leads the first performance of his cantata Erfreut euch, ihr Herzen, BWV 66, his first cantata composed for Easter in Leipzig.[7]
- 1741 - War of the Austrian Succession: Prussia gains control of Silesia at the Battle of Mollwitz.
- 1809 - Napoleonic Wars: The War of the Fifth Coalition begins when forces of the Austrian Empire invade Bavaria.
- 1815 - The Mount Tambora volcano begins a three-month-long eruption, lasting until July 15. The eruption ultimately kills 71,000 people and affects Earth's climate for the next two years.
- 1816 - The Federal government of the United States approves the creation of the Second Bank of the United States.
- 1821 - Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople is hanged by the Ottoman government from the main gate of the Patriarchate and his body is thrown into the Bosphorus.
- 1821 - Greek War of Independence: the island of Psara joins the Greek struggle for independence.[8]
- 1826 - The 10,500 inhabitants of the Greek town of Missolonghi begin leaving the town after a year's siege by Turkish forces. Very few of them survive.
- 1858 - After the original Big Ben, a 14.5tonne bell for the Palace of Westminster, had cracked during testing, it is recast into the current 13.76tonne bell by Whitechapel Bell Foundry.
- 1864 - Archduke Maximilian of Habsburg is proclaimed emperor of Mexico during the French intervention in Mexico.
- 1865 - American Civil War: A day after his surrender to Union forces, Confederate General Robert E. Lee addresses his troops for the last time.
- 1866 - The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) is founded in New York City by Henry Bergh.
- 1868 - At Arogee in Abyssinia, British and Indian forces defeat an army of Emperor Tewodros II. While 700 Ethiopians are killed and many more injured, only two British/Indian troops die.
- 1872 - The first Arbor Day is celebrated in Nebraska.
- 1875 - India: Arya Samaj is founded in Mumbai by Swami Dayananda Saraswati to propagate his goal of social reform.
- 1887 - On Easter Sunday, Pope Leo XIII authorizes the establishment of the Catholic University of America.
- 1896 - 1896 Summer Olympics: The Olympic marathon is run ending with the victory of Greek athlete Spyridon Louis.[9]
- 1900 - British suffer a sharp defeat by the Boers south of Brandfort. 600 British troops are killed and wounded and 800 taken prisoner.[10]
1901–present
- 1912 - RMS Titanic sets sail from Southampton, England on her maiden and only voyage.
- 1916 - The Professional Golfers' Association of America (PGA) is created in New York City.
- 1919 - Mexican Revolution leader Emiliano Zapata is ambushed and shot dead by government forces in Morelos.
- 1919 - The Third Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents is held by the Makhnovshchina at Huliaipole.[11]
- 1925 - The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is first published in New York City, by Charles Scribner's Sons.
- 1938 - The 1938 German parliamentary election and referendum seeks approval for a single list of Nazi candidates and the recent annexation of Austria.
- 1939 - Alcoholics Anonymous, A.A.'s "Big Book", is first published.
- 1941 - World War II: The Axis powers establish the Independent State of Croatia.
- 1944 - Rudolf Vrba and Alfréd Wetzler escape from Birkenau death camp.
- 1963 - One hundred twenty-nine American sailors die when the submarine sinks at sea.
- 1968 - The TEV Wahine, a New Zealand ferry sinks in Wellington harbour due to a fierce storm – the strongest winds ever in Wellington. Out of the 734 people on board, fifty-three died.
- 1970 - Paul McCartney announces that he is leaving The Beatles for personal and professional reasons.
- 1971 - Ping-pong diplomacy: In an attempt to thaw relations with the United States, China hosts the U.S. table tennis team for a week-long visit.
- 1972 - Tombs containing bamboo slips, among them Sun Tzu's Art of War and Sun Bin's lost military treatise, are discovered by construction workers in Shandong.
- 1972 - Vietnam War: For the first time since November 1967, American B-52 bombers reportedly begin bombing North Vietnam.
- 1973 - Invicta International Airlines Flight 435 crashes in a snowstorm on approach to Basel, Switzerland, killing 108 people.
- 1979 - Red River Valley tornado outbreak: A tornado lands in Wichita Falls, Texas killing 42 people.
- 1988 - The Ojhri Camp explosion kills or injures more than 1,000 people in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan.
- 1991 - Italian ferry collides with an oil tanker in dense fog off Livorno, Italy, killing 140.
- 1991 - A rare tropical storm develops in the South Atlantic Ocean near Angola; the first to be documented by satellites.
- 1998 - The Good Friday Agreement is signed in Northern Ireland.[12]
- 2009 - President of Fiji Ratu Josefa Iloilo announces the abrogation of the constitution and assumes all governance in the country, creating a constitutional crisis.
- 2010 - Polish Air Force Tu-154M crashes near Smolensk, Russia, killing 96 people, including Polish President Lech Kaczyński, his wife, and dozens of other senior officials and dignitaries.
- 2016 - The Paravur temple accident in which a devastating fire caused by the explosion of firecrackers stored for Vishu, kills more than one hundred people out of the thousands gathered for seventh day of Bhadrakali worship.
- 2016 - An earthquake of 6.6 magnitude strikes 39 km west-southwest of Ashkasham, impacting India, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Srinagar and Pakistan.
- 2019 - Scientists from the Event Horizon Telescope project announce the first ever image of a black hole, which was located in the centre of the M87 galaxy.
- 2023 - A mass shooting occurs at the Old National Bank in Louisville, Kentucky that leaves five victims dead and eight wounded.[13]
Births
Pre-1600
1601–1900
- 1603 - Christian, Prince-Elect of Denmark (d. 1647)
- 1651 - Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician, physicist, and physician (d. 1708)
- 1656 - René Lepage de Sainte-Claire, French-Canadian settler, founded Rimouski (d. 1718)
- 1704 - Benjamin Heath, English scholar and author (d. 1766)
- 1707 - Michel Corrette, French organist, composer, and author (d. 1795)
- 1713 - John Whitehurst, English geologist and clockmaker (d. 1788)
- 1755 - Samuel Hahnemann, German-French physician and academic (d. 1843)
- 1762 - Giovanni Aldini, Italian physicist and academic (d. 1834)
- 1769 - Jean Lannes, French marshal (d. 1809)
- 1778 - William Hazlitt, English essayist and critic (d. 1830)
- 1794 - Matthew C. Perry, English-Scottish American commander (d. 1858)
- 1806 - Juliette Drouet, French actress (d. 1883)
- 1806 - Leonidas Polk, Scottish-American general and bishop (d. 1884)
- 1827 - Lew Wallace, American general, lawyer, and politician, 11th Governor of New Mexico Territory (d. 1905)
- 1829 - William Booth, English minister, founded The Salvation Army (d. 1912)
- 1847 - Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-American journalist, publisher, and politician, founded Pulitzer, Inc. (d. 1911)
- 1864 - Eugen d'Albert, Scottish-German pianist and composer (d. 1932)
- 1865 - Jack Miner, American-Canadian farmer, hunter, and environmentalist (d. 1944)
- 1867 - George William Russell, Irish author, poet, and painter (d. 1935)
- 1868 - George Arliss, English actor and playwright (d. 1946)
- 1868 - Asriel Günzig, Moravian rabbi (d. 1931)
- 1873 - Kyösti Kallio, Finnish farmer, banker, and politician, 4th President of Finland (d. 1940)
- 1875 - George Clawley, English footballer (d. 1920)[14]
- 1877 - Alfred Kubin, Austrian author and illustrator (d. 1959)
- 1879 - Coenraad Hiebendaal, Dutch rower and physician (d. 1921)
- 1880 - Frances Perkins, American sociologist, academic, and politician, United States Secretary of Labor (d. 1965)
- 1880 - Montague Summers, English clergyman and author (d. 1948)
- 1886 - Johnny Hayes, American runner and trainer (d. 1965)
- 1887 - Bernardo Houssay, Argentinian physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
- 1889 - Louis Rougier, French philosopher from the Vienna Circle (d. 1982)
- 1891 - Frank Barson, English footballer and coach (d. 1968)
- 1893 - Otto Steinböck, Austrian zoologist (d. 1969)
- 1894 - Ben Nicholson, British painter (d. 1982)
- 1897 - Prafulla Chandra Sen, Indian accountant and politician, 3rd Chief Minister of West Bengal (d. 1990)
- 1900 - Arnold Orville Beckman, American chemist, inventor, and philanthropist (d. 2004)
1901–present
- 1901 - Dhananjay Ramchandra Gadgil, Indian economist (d. 1971)
- 1903 - Patroklos Karantinos, Greek architect (d. 1976) [15]
- 1903 - Clare Turlay Newberry, American author and illustrator (d. 1970)
- 1906 - Steve Anderson, American hurdler (d. 1988)
- 1910 - Margaret Clapp, American scholar and academic (d. 1974)
- 1910 - Helenio Herrera, Argentinian footballer and manager (d. 1997)
- 1910 - Paul Sweezy, American economist and publisher, founded the Monthly Review (d. 2004)
- 1911 - Martin Denny, American pianist and composer (d. 2005)
- 1911 - Maurice Schumann, French journalist and politician, Minister of Foreign and European Affairs for France (d. 1998)
- 1912 - Boris Kidrič, Austrian-Slovenian politician, 1st Prime Minister of Slovenia (d. 1953)
- 1913 - Stefan Heym, German-American soldier and author (d. 2001)
- 1914 - Jack Badcock, Australian cricketer (d. 1982)
- 1915 - Harry Morgan, American actor and director (d. 2011)
- 1915 - Leo Vroman, Dutch-American hematologist, poet, and illustrator (d. 2014)
- 1916 - Lee Jung-seob, Korean painter (d. 1956)
- 1917 - Jagjit Singh Lyallpuri, Indian politician (d. 2013)
- 1917 - Robert Burns Woodward, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)[16]
- 1919 - John Houbolt, American engineer and academic (d. 2014)
- 1921 - Chuck Connors, American baseball player and actor (d. 1992)
- 1921 - Jake Warren, Canadian soldier and diplomat, Canadian Ambassador to the United States (d. 2008)
- 1921 - Sheb Wooley, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2003)
- 1923 - Roger Gaillard, Haitian historian and author (d. 2000)
- 1923 - Jane Kean, American actress and singer (d. 2013)
- 1923 - Floyd Simmons, American decathlete and actor (d. 2008)
- 1923 - Sid Tickridge, English footballer (d. 1997)[17]
- 1923 - John Watkins, South African cricketer (d. 2021)
- 1924 - Kenneth Noland, American soldier and painter (d. 2010)
- 1925 - Angelo Poffo, American wrestler and promoter (d. 2010)
- 1926 - Jacques Castérède, French pianist and composer (d. 2014)
- 1926 - Junior Samples, American comedian (d. 1983)
- 1927 - Norma Candal, Puerto Rican actress (d. 2006)
- 1927 - Marshall Warren Nirenberg, American biochemist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
- 1929 - Mike Hawthorn, English race car driver (d. 1959)
- 1929 - Liz Sheridan, American actress (d. 2022)[18]
- 1929 - Max von Sydow, Swedish-French actor (d. 2020)
- 1930 - Claude Bolling, French pianist, composer, and actor (d. 2020)
- 1930 - Dolores Huerta, American activist, co-founded the United Farm Workers
- 1930 - Spede Pasanen, Finnish film director and producer, comedian, and inventor (d. 2001)[19]
- 1931 - Kishori Amonkar, Indian classical vocalist (d. 2017)
- 1932 - Delphine Seyrig, Swiss/Alsatian French actress (d. 1990)
- 1932 - Omar Sharif, Egyptian actor and screenwriter (d. 2015)
- 1933 - Rokusuke Ei, Japanese composer and author (d. 2016)
- 1933 - Helen McElhone, Scottish politician (d. 2013)[20]
- 1934 - David Halberstam, American journalist and author (d. 2007)
- 1935 - Patrick Garland, English actor and director (d. 2013)
- 1935 - Peter Hollingworth, Australian bishop, 23rd Governor General of Australia
- 1935 - Christos Yannaras, Greek philosopher, theologian and author [21]
- 1936 - John A. Bennett, American soldier (d. 1961)
- 1936 - David A. Hardy, British artist[22]
- 1936 - John Howell, English long jumper
- 1936 - John Madden, American football player, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2021)[23]
- 1936 - Bobby Smith, American singer (d. 2013)
- 1937 - Bella Akhmadulina, Soviet and Russian poet, short story writer, and translator (d. 2010)
- 1938 - Don Meredith, American football player and sportscaster (d. 2010)
- 1939 - Claudio Magris, Italian scholar, author, and translator
- 1940 - Gloria Hunniford, British radio and television host
- 1941 - Chrysostomos II of Cyprus, (d. 2022)[24]
- 1941 - Harold Long, Canadian politician (d. 2013)
- 1941 - Paul Theroux, American novelist, short story writer, and travel writer
- 1942 - Nick Auf der Maur, Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1998)
- 1942 - Ian Callaghan, English footballer
- 1942 - Stuart Dybek, American novelist, short story writer, and poet
- 1943 - Andrzej Badeński, Polish-German sprinter (d. 2008)
- 1943 - Margaret Pemberton, English author
- 1945 - Kevin Berry, Australian swimmer (d. 2006)
- 1946 - David Angell, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2001)
- 1946 - Bob Watson, American baseball player and manager (d. 2020)
- 1946 - Adolf Winkelmann, German director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1947 - David A. Adler, American author and educator
- 1947 - Bunny Wailer, Jamaican singer-songwriter and drummer (d. 2021)
- 1948 - Mel Blount, American football player
- 1948 - Jim Burns, Welsh artist[25]
- 1949 - Daniel Mangeas, French banker and sportscaster
- 1949 - Eric Troyer, American singer-songwriter, keyboardist and guitarist
- 1950 - Ken Griffey, Sr., American baseball player and manager
- 1950 - Eddie Hazel, American guitarist (d. 1992)
- 1951 - David Helvarg, American journalist and activist
- 1952 - Narayan Rane, Indian politician, 16th Chief Minister of Maharashtra
- 1952 - Masashi Sada, Japanese singer, lyricist, composer, novelist, actor, and producer
- 1952 - Steven Seagal, American actor, producer, and martial artist
- 1953 - David Moorcroft, English runner and businessman
- 1953 - Pamela Wallin, Swedish-Canadian journalist, academic, and politician
- 1954 - Paul Bearer, American wrestler and manager (d. 2013)
- 1954 - Anne Lamott, American author and educator
- 1954 - Peter MacNicol, American actor
- 1954 - Juan Williams, Panamanian-American journalist and author
- 1955 - Marit Breivik, Norwegian handball player and coach[26]
- 1955 - Lesley Garrett, English soprano and actress
- 1956 - Carol V. Robinson, English chemist and academic
- 1957 - Aliko Dangote, Nigerian businessman, founded Dangote Group
- 1957 - John M. Ford, American author and poet (d. 2006)
- 1957 - Steve Gustafson, Spanish-American bass player
- 1957 - Rosemary Hill, English historian and author
- 1958 - Bob Bell, Northern Irish engineer
- 1958 - Yefim Bronfman, Uzbek-American pianist
- 1958 - Brigitte Holzapfel, German high jumper
- 1959 - Babyface, American singer-songwriter and producer
- 1959 - Yvan Loubier, Canadian economist and politician
- 1959 - Brian Setzer, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1960 - Steve Bisciotti, American businessman, co-founded Allegis Group
- 1960 - Katrina Leskanich, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1960 - Terry Teagle, American basketball player
- 1961 - Nicky Campbell, Scottish broadcaster and journalist[27]
- 1961 - Carole Goble, English computer scientist and academic
- 1961 - Mark Jones, American basketball player
- 1962 - Steve Tasker, American football player and sportscaster
- 1963 - Warren DeMartini, American guitarist and songwriter
- 1963 - Jeff Gray, American baseball player and coach
- 1963 - Doris Leuthard, Swiss lawyer and politician, 162nd President of the Swiss Confederation
- 1965 - Tim Alexander, American drummer and songwriter
- 1965 - Anna-Leena Härkönen, Finnish author[28]
- 1966 - Brad William Henke, American football player and actor (d. 2022)
- 1966 - Steve Claridge, English footballer, manager, and sportscaster
- 1967 - Donald Dufresne, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1967 - David Rovics, American singer-songwriter
- 1968 - Metin Göktepe, Turkish photographer and journalist (d. 1996)
- 1968 - Orlando Jones, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
- 1969 - Steve Glasson, Australian lawn bowler
- 1969 - Ekaterini Koffa, Greek sprinter
- 1970 - Enrico Ciccone, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1970 - Leonard Doroftei, Romanian-Canadian boxer
- 1970 - Kenny Lattimore, American singer-songwriter
- 1970 - Q-Tip, American rapper, producer, and actor
- 1971 - Indro Olumets, Estonian footballer and coach
- 1971 - Al Reyes, Dominican-American baseball player
- 1972 - Ian Harvey, Australian cricketer
- 1972 - Priit Kasesalu, Estonian computer programmer, co-created Skype
- 1972 - Gordon Buchanan, Scottish film maker
- 1973 - Guillaume Canet, French actor and director
- 1973 - Roberto Carlos, Brazilian footballer and manager
- 1973 - Aidan Moffat, Scottish singer-songwriter
- 1973 - Christopher Simmons, Canadian-American graphic designer, author, and academic
- 1974 - Eric Greitens, American soldier, author and politician
- 1974 - Petros Passalis, Greek footballer
- 1975 - Chris Carrabba, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1975 - Terrence Lewis, Indian dancer and choreographer
- 1975 - David Harbour, American actor
- 1976 - Clare Buckfield, English actress
- 1976 - Yoshino Kimura, Japanese actress and singer
- 1976 - Sara Renner, Canadian skier
- 1977 - Stephanie Sheh, Taiwanese-American voice actress, director, and producer
- 1978 - Sir Christus, Finnish guitarist (d. 2017)
- 1979 - Iván Alonso, Uruguayan footballer
- 1979 - Kenyon Coleman, American football player
- 1979 - Rachel Corrie, American author and activist (d. 2003)
- 1979 - Tsuyoshi Domoto, Japanese singer-songwriter and actor
- 1979 - Sophie Ellis-Bextor, English singer-songwriter
- 1979 - Pavlos Fyssas, Greek rapper (d. 2013) [29]
- 1979 - Peter Kopteff, Finnish footballer
- 1980 - Sean Avery, Canadian ice hockey player and model
- 1980 - Charlie Hunnam, English actor
- 1980 - Shao Jiayi, Chinese footballer
- 1980 - Kasey Kahne, American race car driver
- 1980 - Andy Ram, Israeli tennis player[30]
- 1980 - Bryce Soderberg, American singer-songwriter and bass player
- 1981 - Laura Bell Bundy, American actress and singer
- 1981 - Liz McClarnon, English singer and dancer
- 1981 - Michael Pitt, American actor, model and musician
- 1981 - Alexei Semenov, Russian ice hockey player
- 1982 - Andre Ethier, American baseball player
- 1982 - Chyler Leigh, American actress and singer
- 1983 - Jamie Chung, American actress
- 1983 - Andrew Dost, American guitarist and songwriter
- 1983 - Ryan Merriman, American actor
- 1983 - Hannes Sigurðsson, Icelandic footballer
- 1984 - Faustina Agolley, Australian television host
- 1984 - Jeremy Barrett, American figure skater
- 1984 - Mandy Moore, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1984 - David Obua, Ugandan footballer
- 1984 - Damien Perquis, French-Polish footballer
- 1984 - Gonzalo Javier Rodríguez, Argentinian footballer
- 1985 - Barkhad Abdi, Somali-American actor and director
- 1985 - Willo Flood, Irish footballer
- 1985 - Jesús Gámez, Spanish footballer
- 1985 - Dion Phaneuf, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1986 - Olivia Borlée, Belgian sprinter
- 1986 - Fernando Gago, Argentine footballer
- 1986 - Corey Kluber, American baseball pitcher
- 1986 - Vincent Kompany, Belgian footballer
- 1986 - Tore Reginiussen, Norwegian footballer
- 1987 - Ahmed Adel Abdel Moneam, Egyptian footballer[31]
- 1987 - Shay Mitchell, Canadian actress and model
- 1987 - Hayley Westenra, New Zealand soprano
- 1988 - Chris Heston, American baseball pitcher
- 1988 - Kareem Jackson, American football player[32]
- 1988 - Haley Joel Osment, American actor
- 1989 - Charlie Culberson, American baseball player[33]
- 1990 - Ben Amos, English footballer
- 1990 - Andile Jali, South African footballer
- 1990 - Ricky Leutele, Australian-Samoan rugby league player
- 1990 - Maren Morris, American singer
- 1990 - Alex Pettyfer, English actor
- 1991 - AJ Michalka, American actress and singer
- 1992 - Jack Buchanan, Australian rugby league player
- 1992 - Sadio Mané, Senegalese footballer
- 1992 - Chaz Mostert, Australian racing driver[34]
- 1992 - Daisy Ridley, English actress
- 1993 - Sofia Carson, American singer and actress
- 1994 - Siobhan Hunter, Scottish footballer[35]
- 1995 - Ian Nelson, American actor
- 1996 - Thanasi Kokkinakis, Australian tennis player
- 1996 - Audrey Whitby, American actress
- 1997 - Claire Wineland, American activist and author (d. 2018)[36]
- 1998 - Anna Pogorilaya, Russian figure skater
- 2001 - Ky Baldwin, Australian singer and actor
- 2001 - Noa Kirel, Israeli singer
Deaths
Pre-1600
- 879 - Louis the Stammerer, king of West Francia (b. 846)
- 943 - Landulf I, prince of Benevento and Capua
- 948 - Hugh of Arles, king of Italy
- 1008 - Notker of Liège, French bishop (b. 940)
- 1216 - Eric X, king of Sweden (b. 1180)
- 1282 - Ahmad Fanakati, chief minister under Kublai Khan
- 1309 - Elisabeth von Rapperswil, Swiss countess (b. 1261)
- 1362 - Maud, English noblewoman (b. 1339)
- 1500 - Michael Tarchaniota Marullus, Greek scholar and poet
- 1533 - Frederick I, king of Denmark and Norway (b. 1471)
- 1545 - Costanzo Festa, Italian composer
- 1585 - Gregory XIII, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1502)[37]
- 1598 - Jacopo Mazzoni, Italian philosopher (b. 1548)
- 1599 - Gabrielle d'Estrées, French mistress of Henry IV of France (b. 1571)
1601–1900
- 1601 - Mark Alexander Boyd, Scottish soldier and poet (b. 1562)
- 1619 - Thomas Jones, English-Irish archbishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of Ireland (b. 1550)
- 1640 - Agostino Agazzari, Italian composer and theorist (b. 1578)
- 1644 - William Brewster, English official and pilgrim leader (b. 1566)
- 1646 - Santino Solari, Swiss architect and sculptor (b. 1576)
- 1667 - Jan Marek Marci, Czech physician and author (b. 1595)
- 1704 - Wilhelm Egon von Fürstenberg, German cardinal (b. 1629)
- 1756 - Giacomo Antonio Perti, Italian composer (b. 1661)
- 1760 - Jean Lebeuf, French historian and author (b. 1687)
- 1786 - John Byron, English admiral and politician, 24th Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1723)
- 1806 - Horatio Gates, English-American general (b. 1727)
- 1813 - Joseph-Louis Lagrange, Italian mathematician and astronomer (b. 1736)
- 1821 - Gregory V of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (b. 1746) [38]
- 1823 - Karl Leonhard Reinhold, Austrian philosopher and academic (b. 1757)
- 1871 - Lucio Norberto Mansilla, Argentinian general and politician (b. 1789)
- 1889 - William Crichton, Scottish engineer and shipbuilder (b. 1827)[39] [40]
1901–present
- 1909 - Algernon Charles Swinburne, English poet, playwright, novelist, and critic (b. 1837)
- 1919 - Emiliano Zapata, Mexican general (b. 1879)
- 1920 - Moritz Cantor, German mathematician and historian (b. 1829)
- 1931 - Kahlil Gibran, Lebanese-American poet, painter, and philosopher (b. 1883)
- 1935 - Rosa Campbell Praed, Australian novelist (b. 1851)
- 1938 - King Oliver, American cornet player and bandleader (b. 1885)
- 1942 - Carl Schenstrøm, Danish actor and director (b. 1881)
- 1943 - Andreas Faehlmann, Estonian-German sailor and engineer (b. 1898)
- 1945 - Hendrik Nicolaas Werkman, Dutch printer and typographer (b. 1882)
- 1947 - Charles Nordhoff, English-American lieutenant and author (b. 1887)
- 1950 - Fevzi Çakmak, Turkish field marshal and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1876)
- 1954 - Auguste Lumière, French director and producer (b. 1862)
- 1954 - Oscar Mathisen, Norwegian speed skater (b. 1888)
- 1955 - Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French priest, theologian, and philosopher (b. 1881)
- 1958 - Chuck Willis, American singer-songwriter (b. 1928)
- 1960 - André Berthomieu, French director and screenwriter (b. 1903)
- 1962 - Michael Curtiz, Hungarian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1886)
- 1962 - Stuart Sutcliffe, Scottish artist and musician (b. 1940)
- 1965 - Lloyd Casner, American race car driver, founded Casner Motor Racing Division (b. 1928)
- 1965 - Linda Darnell, American actress (b. 1923)
- 1966 - Evelyn Waugh, English soldier, novelist, journalist and critic (b. 1903)
- 1968 - Gustavs Celmiņš, Latvian lieutenant and politician (b. 1899)
- 1969 - Harley Earl, American businessman (b. 1893)
- 1975 - Walker Evans, American photographer (b. 1903)
- 1975 - Marjorie Main, American actress (b. 1890)
- 1978 - Hjalmar Mäe, Estonian politician (b. 1901)
- 1979 - Nino Rota, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1911)[41]
- 1980 - Kay Medford, American actress and singer (b. 1919)
- 1981 - Howard Thurman, American author, philosopher and civil rights activist (b. 1899)
- 1983 - Issam Sartawi, Palestinian activist (b. 1935)
- 1985 - Zisis Verros, Greek chieftain of the Macedonian Struggle (b. 1880)
- 1986 - Linda Creed, American singer-songwriter (b. 1948)
- 1988 - Ezekias Papaioannou, Greek Cypriot politician (b. 1908) [42]
- 1991 - Kevin Peter Hall, American actor (b. 1955)
- 1991 - Martin Hannett, English guitarist and producer (b. 1948)
- 1991 - Natalie Schafer, American actress (b. 1900)
- 1992 - Sam Kinison, American comedian and actor (b. 1953)
- 1993 - Chris Hani, South African activist and politician (b. 1942)
- 1994 - Sam B. Hall, Jr., American lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1924)
- 1995 - Morarji Desai, Indian politician, 4th Prime Minister of India (b. 1896)
- 1997 - Michael Dorris, American author and academic (b. 1945)
- 1998 - Seraphim of Athens, Greek archbishop (b. 1913)
- 1999 - Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat, German-American biochemist and physician (b. 1910)
- 1999 - Jean Vander Pyl, American actress and voice artist (b. 1919)
- 2000 - Peter Jones, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1920)
- 2000 - Larry Linville, American actor (b. 1939)[43]
- 2003 - Little Eva, American singer (b. 1943)
- 2004 - Jacek Kaczmarski, Polish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and poet (b. 1957)
- 2004 - Sakıp Sabancı, Turkish businessman and philanthropist, founded Sabancı Holding (b. 1933)
- 2005 - Norbert Brainin, Austrian violinist (b. 1923)
- 2005 - Scott Gottlieb, American drummer (b. 1970)
- 2005 - Archbishop Iakovos of America (b. 1911)
- 2005 - Al Lucas, American football player (b. 1978)[44]
- 2005 - Wally Tax, Dutch singer-songwriter (b. 1948)
- 2006 - Kleitos Kyrou, Greek poet and translator (b. 1921) [45]
- 2007 - Charles Philippe Leblond, French-Canadian biologist and academic (b. 1910)
- 2007 - Dakota Staton, American singer (b. 1930)[46]
- 2009 - Deborah Digges, American poet and educator (b. 1950)
- 2009 - Ioannis Patakis, Greek politician (b. 1940) [47]
- 2010 - Casualties in the 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash included:
- 2010 - Dixie Carter, American actress and singer (b. 1939)
- 2012 - Raymond Aubrac, French engineer and activist (b. 1914)
- 2012 - Barbara Buchholz, German theremin player and composer (b. 1959)
- 2012 - Lili Chookasian, Armenian-American operatic singer (b. 1921)
- 2012 - Luis Aponte Martínez, Puerto Rican cardinal (b. 1922)
- 2012 - Akin Omoboriowo, Nigerian lawyer and politician (b. 1932)
- 2013 - Lorenzo Antonetti, Italian cardinal (b. 1922)
- 2013 - Raymond Boudon, French sociologist and academic (b. 1934)
- 2013 - Binod Bihari Chowdhury, Bangladeshi activist (b. 1911)
- 2013 - Robert Edwards, English physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1925)
- 2013 - Olive Lewin, Jamaican anthropologist, musicologist, and author (b. 1927)
- 2013 - Gordon Thomas, English cyclist (b. 1921)[48]
- 2013 - Angela Voigt, German long jumper (b. 1951)
- 2014 - Dominique Baudis, French journalist and politician (b. 1947)
- 2014 - Jim Flaherty, Canadian lawyer and politician, 37th Canadian Minister of Finance (b. 1949)
- 2014 - Richard Hoggart, English author and academic (b. 1918)
- 2014 - Sue Townsend, English author and playwright (b. 1946)
- 2015 - Richie Benaud, Australian cricketer and sportscaster (b. 1930)
- 2015 - Raúl Héctor Castro, Mexican-American politician and diplomat, 14th Governor of Arizona (b. 1916)
- 2015 - Judith Malina, German-American actress and director, co-founded The Living Theatre (b. 1926)
- 2015 - Rose Francine Rogombé, Gabonese lawyer and politician, President of Gabon (b. 1942)[49]
- 2015 - Peter Walsh, Australian farmer and politician, 6th Australian Minister for Finance (b. 1935)
- 2016 - Howard Marks, Welsh cannabis smuggler, writer, and legalisation campaigner (b. 1945)
- 2023 - Al Jaffee, American cartoonist (b. 1921)[50]
- 2024 - O. J. Simpson, American football player, actor, and broadcaster (b. 1947)[51]
Holidays and observances
External links
Notes and References
- Book: Jurgens, William A.. The Faith of the Early Fathers. Volume 3: St. Augustine to the End of the Patristic Age. Collegeville, Minn.. Liturgical Press. 1979. 9780814604328. 201–202.
- Book: Seargent, David. The Greatest Comets in History: Broom Stars and Celestial Scimitars. New York. Springer Verlag. 2008. 9780387095127. 44–45.
- Book: Lal, Dinesh. Indo-Tibet-China Conflict. Delhi. Kalpaz Publications. 2008. 9788178357140. 46.
- Book: Johnson, Arthur Henry. Europe in the Sixteenth Century, 1494-1598. London. Rivingtons. 1902. 796491389. 111.
- Book: Lougheed, Vivien. Understanding Bolivia—A Travellers History. Madeira Park, BC. Harbour Publishing. 2008. 9781550174441. 44. none.
- Book: Bolivia: Country Study Guide. Volume 1: Strategic Information and Developments. Washington, D.C.. International Business Publications. 2017. 978-1438773971. 44.
- Black, Jeremy. Politics and Foreign Policy in the Age of George I, 1714-1727. p.80
- Web site: Erfreut euch, ihr Herzen BWV 66.2; BWV 66; BC A 56 . Bach Digital website . 2024 .
- Web site: Constantine Kanaris .
- Web site: Local hero Spyridon Louis earns cult status in marathon . 11 October 2022 . Olympics.
- Book: Burbank, Richard. Twentieth Century Music. New York City, USA. Facts on File Publication, New York City, NY. 1984. 0-87196-464-3. 13. |
- Book: Darch, Colin. Nestor Makhno and Rural Anarchism in Ukraine, 1917–21. 2020. London. Pluto Press. 978-0745338880. 1225942343. 49.
- Web site: What is the Good Friday Agreement? . The Independent . 13 August 2022 . en . 14 June 2022.
- Web site: Louisville shooting: At least 6 dead, including suspect, at downtown bank - National | Globalnews.ca. Global News.
- Web site: George Clawley. 11v11.com. 30 March 2020.
- Web site: GRI-2019-23821.pdf . 11 October 2022 . ikee.lib.auth.gr . Greek.
- Book: Chase's Calendar of Events 2017: The Ultimate Go-To Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months . 23 September 2016 . Bernan Press . 978-1-59888-859-1 . 217–218 . en.
- Web site: Sid Tickridge. stamford-bridge.com. 30 March 2020.
- Web site: Jerry Seinfeld's TV Mom Liz Sheridan Dead at 93. TMZ. 15 April 2022 .
- Web site: Spede Pasanen olisi täyttänyt tänään 86 vuotta - näistä rakastettu koomikko muistetaan. Olli. Martela. Iltalehti. April 10, 2016. February 6, 2022. fi.
- Web site: The ex-MPs who died in 2013 - part two . BBC News . 9 March 2022 . 27 December 2013.
- Book: Versöhnung und Vergöttlichung: Sündenbekenntnis und Mysterium der Sündenvergebung in der rumänisch-orthodoxen Theologie . 9783791771175 . Brandiu . Sorin . 6 April 2016 . Verlag Friedrich Pustet .
- Web site: Hardy, David A. Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. 21 August 2023. 17 February 2024.
- Web site: John Madden, Hall of Fame coach and broadcaster, dies at 85. Dubow, Josh. APNews.com. December 28, 2021. December 28, 2021.
- Web site: Archbishop Chrysostomos II of Cyprus celebrates his 78th Birthday | Orthodox Times (En) .
- Web site: Burns, Jim. Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. September 12, 2022. February 17, 2024.
- Encyclopedia: Marit Breivik . Thomas . Aune . Rolf . Bryhn . . 22 August 2023 . Bolstad . Erik . Norsk nettleksikon . Oslo . no. 22 March 2024.
- Web site: Nicky Campbell . https://web.archive.org/web/20180319125542/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba83f2522 . dead . March 19, 2018 . BFI . 11 August 2022 . en.
- Web site: About the Author. annaleenaharkonen.com. 10 April 2024.
- Web site: Rap Monsters Festival στο Χαλάνδρι: Οι νέοι το φώναξαν δυνατά "Παύλος Φύσσας, παρών" . 4 November 2022 .
- Web site: Andy Ram | Overview | ATP Tour | Tennis. ATP Tour.
- Web site: FIFA Club World Cup Japan 2008 Presented By TOYOTA — List Of Players . FIFA.com . Fédération Internationale de Football Association . 5 December 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20081209121359/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/95/12/84/fcwc2008_2008_squadlists_1205.pdf . 9 December 2008 . dead .
- Web site: Kareem Jackson. NFL.com. 11 April 2020. en.
- Web site: Charlie Culberson. ESPN.
- Web site: Chaz Mostert . 2022-12-27 . Supercars . en.
- Web site: Siobhan Hunter - Player Profile - Football . Eurosport UK . 28 April 2020.
- Web site: 2018-04-10. Happy 21st Birthday To The Inspirational Claire Wineland!. 2021-06-15. Moving Happiness Home. en-US.
- Web site: Gregory XIII pope . Encyclopedia Britannica . 27 December 2020 . en.
- Web site: Γρηγόριος Ε´ (α) [10 Ἀπρ.] – Οικουμενικό Πατριαρχείο . 3 September 2019 .
- Web site: William Crichton. Grace's Guide. January 15, 2022.
- Web site: CRICHTON, William (1827–1889). Biogradiskt lexikon för Finland . January 15, 2022 . sv.
- Book: F. Maurice Speed. Speed. Film Review: 1979-1980. 1 November 1979. Penguin Group (USA) Incorporated. 978-0-8015-2632-9. 168.
- Web site: Εζεκίας Παπαϊωάννου :108 χρόνια από τη γέννηση του | e-SHOCKnews . https://web.archive.org/web/20190805201920/http://e-shocknews.com/?p=50828 . 2019-08-05 .
- News: 'M*A*S*H' actor Linville dead at 60 . . April 11, 2000 . April 21, 2018.
- News: Foster . Chris . Arena Football Player Dies After Injury . June 26, 2012 . . April 11, 2005.
- Web site: Κλείτος Κύρου: "Όταν στους δρόμους βροντούσαν" | Ποίηση . 21 February 2022 .
- News: Obituary: Dakota Staton / Acclaimed vocalist and Pittsburgh native. Guidry. Nate. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. June 7, 2011. April 12, 2007.
- Web site: Rizospastis.gr - "Εφυγε" ο Γιάννης Πατάκης . 11 April 2009 .
- News: Griffiths. Kathie. Shipley-born Olympic cyclist Gordon 'Tiny' Thomas dies at age of 91. Telegraph & Argus. Newsquest. 2013-04-16. 2013-04-16.
- Jacques Jarele Sika, "France : Rose Rogombé a tiré sa révérence à Paris", Gabonews, 10 April 2015 .
- News: Genzlinger . Neil . Al Jaffee, King of the Mad Magazine Fold-In, Dies at 102 . The New York Times . 10 April 2023 . April 10, 2023.
- Web site: Shapiro . Emily . Chile . Patricio . April 11, 2024 . OJ Simpson, former football star acquitted of murder, dies at 76 . 2024-04-11 . . en.
