105 (number) explained

Number:105
Divisor:1, 3, 5, 7, 15, 21, 35, 105

105 (one hundred [and] five) is the natural number following 104 and preceding 106.

In mathematics

105 is a triangular number, a dodecagonal number,[1] and the first Zeisel number.[2] It is the first odd sphenic number and is the product of three consecutive prime numbers. 105 is the double factorial of 7.[3] It is also the sum of the first five square pyramidal numbers.

105 comes in the middle of the prime quadruplet (101, 103, 107, 109). The only other such numbers less than a thousand are 9, 15, 195, and 825.

105 is also the middle of the only prime sextuplet (97, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113) between the ones occurring at 7-23 and at 16057–16073. 105 is the product of the first three odd primes (

3 x 5 x 7

) and is less than the square of the next prime (11) by > 8. Therefore, for

n=105

, n ± 2, ± 4, and ± 8 must be prime (a prime k-tuple). In contrast, n ± 6, ± 10, ± 12, and ± 14 must be composite, making a prime gap on either side.

105 is also a pseudoprime to the prime bases 13, 29, 41, 43, 71, 83, and 97. The distinct prime factors of 105 add up to 15, and so do those of 104; hence, the two numbers form a Ruth-Aaron pair under the first definition.

105 is also a number n for which

n-2k

is prime, for

0<k<log2(n)

. (This even works up to

k=8

, ignoring the negative sign.)

105 is the smallest integer such that the factorization of

xn-1

over Q includes non-zero coefficients other than

\pm1

. In other words, the 105th cyclotomic polynomial, Φ105, is the first with coefficients other than

\pm1

.

105 is the number of parallelogram polyominoes with 7 cells.

In science

In other fields

105 is also:

See also

References

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Sloane's A051624 : 12-gonal numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. 2016-05-27.
  2. Web site: Sloane's A051015 : Zeisel numbers. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. 2016-05-27.
  3. Web site: Sloane's A006882 : Double factorials. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. 2016-05-27.