1016 Explained
Year 1016 (MXVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
- March 25 - Battle of Nesjar (off the coast of Norway): Olaf Haraldsson is victorious over former co-regent Sweyn Haakonsson, confirming his status as king of Norway.
- April 23 - Æthelred the Unready, king of England, dies after a 38-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Edmund II "Ironside".
- Summer - Battle of Brentford (near London): Edmund II defeats the Danes under King Cnut the Great.
- July 6 - Battle of Pontlevoy: French forces of Fulk III and Herbert I defeat Odo II which determines the balance of power in the Loire Valley.
- October 18 - Battle of Assandun: Cnut the Great defeats Edmund II, leaving the latter as king of Wessex.
- November 30 - Edmund II dies and Cnut the Great takes control of the whole of the Kingdom of England.
- The Pisan and the Genoese republics launch a naval offensive against the Muslim strongholds of Sardinia, in particular Porto Torres, and defeat the fleet of the taifa king of Dénia, Mujāhid al-ʿĀmirī.
- Melus of Bari makes a second attempt against Byzantine-held Southern Italy. To support his cause, he hires Norman mercenaries, unwittingly triggering the rise of Norman rule over southern Italy.
- Georgius Tzul, ruler of Khazaria, is captured by a combined Byzantine Empire–Kievan Rus' force, which effectively ends Khazaria's existence.
Arabian Empire
Asia
- March 10 - Emperor Sanjō of Japan abdicates the throne after a 5-year reign. He is succeeded by his 7-year-old cousin Go-Ichijō as the 68th emperor of Japan. Fujiwara no Michinaga is appointed regent.
- Japanese poet Koshikibu no Naishi (lady-in-waiting to Dowager Empress Shōshi) and her husband Fujiwara no Kiminari (son of Michinaga) have a son, but the couple is not accepted because of the social gap between them.[1]
Births
- April 3 - Xing Zong, emperor of the Liao dynasty (d. 1055)
- June 9 - Deokjong, ruler of Goryeo (Korea) (d. 1034)
- July 25 - Casimir I the Restorer, duke of Poland (d. 1058)
- August 24 - Fujiwara no Genshi, Japanese empress (d. 1039)
- October 28 - Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1056)
- Cao, empress and regent of Song dynasty China (d. 1079)
- Edward the Exile, son of Edmund II of England (d. 1057)
- Không Lộ, Vietnamese Zen master (approximate date)
- Minamoto no Tsunenobu, Japanese nobleman (d. 1097)
- Svein Knutsson, king of Norway (d. 1035)
- Yan Vyshatich, Kievan nobleman (d. 1106)
Deaths
- April 23 - Æthelred the Unready, king of England
- May 22 - Jovan Vladimir, Serbian prince (b. 990)
- September 6 - Fujiwara no Bokushi, great-grandmother of the Emperor of Japan
- November 30 - Edmund II "Ironside", king of England
- Badis ibn Mansur, Muslim emir of the Zirid dynasty
- Henry II "the Good", count of Stade (b. 946)
- Liu Chenggui, official of Song dynasty China (b. 951)
- Simeon of Mantua, Armenian Benedictine monk
- Sulayman ibn al-Hakam, caliph of Córdoba
- Uhtred the Bold, English nobleman
- Wulfgar of Abingdon, English abbot
Sources
- Book: Ambraseys
, N.
. Nicholas Ambraseys
. Nicholas Ambraseys. 2009 . Earthquakes in the Mediterranean and Middle East: A Multidisciplinary Study of Seismicity up to 1900 . First . Cambridge University Press . 259, 260 . 978-0521872928.
- Book: Benvenuti. Le Repubbliche Marinare. Amalfi, Pisa, Genova e Venezia. 1985. Newton & Compton Editori. Rome. 978-8882895297. 33. Italian.
- Book: Kleinhenz. Christopher. Medieval Italy: an encyclopedia. 2010. Routledge. 1. 978-0415939294. 95.
- Book: Palmer. Alan. Palmer. Veronica. 1992. Chronology of British History. Century Ltd / Barrie & Jenkins. London. 48–49. 978-0712656160.
- Book: Williams . Hywel . Cassell's Chronology of World History . registration . Weidenfeld & Nicolson . 2005 . 978-0304357307 . 105–106 .
- Book: Bradbury. Jim. The Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare. 2004. 0-415-22126-9.
Notes and References
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