100 metres explained

Event:	100 metres
Image Upright:	1.25

The 100 metres, or 100-meter dash, is a sprint race in track and field competitions. The shortest common outdoor running distance, the 100m (300feet) dash is one of the most popular and prestigious events in the sport of athletics. It has been contested at the Summer Olympics since 1896 for men and since 1928 for women. The inaugural World Championships were in 1983.

On an outdoor 400-metre running track, the 100 m is held on the home straight, with the start usually being set on an extension to make it a straight-line race. There are three instructions given to the runners immediately before and at the beginning of the race: "on your marks", "set", and the firing of the starter's pistol. The runners move to the starting blocks when they hear the 'on your marks' instruction. The following instruction, to adopt the 'set' position, allows them to adopt a more efficient starting posture and isometrically preload their muscles: this will help them to start faster. A race-official then fires the starter's pistol to signal the race beginning and the sprinters stride forwards from the blocks. Sprinters typically reach top speed after somewhere between 50 and 60 m. Their speed then slows towards the finish line.

The 10-second barrier has historically been a barometer of fast men's performances, while the best female sprinters take eleven seconds or less to complete the race. The men's world record is 9.58 seconds, set by Jamaica's Usain Bolt in 2009, while the women's world record is 10.49 seconds, set by American Florence Griffith-Joyner in 1988.

The unofficial "world's fastest man" title typically goes to the Olympic 100 metre champion.^[1] The 200 metre time almost always yields a "faster" average speed than a 100-metre race time, since the initial slow speed at the start is spread out over the longer distance.^[2] The current men's Olympic and world champion is Noah Lyles, while the current women's Olympic champion is Julien Alfred, and the world champion is Sha'Carri Richardson.

Race dynamics

Start

At the start, some athletes play psychological games such as trying to be last to the starting blocks.^{[3] [4] [5]}

At high level meets, the time between the gun and first kick against the starting block is measured electronically, via sensors built in the gun and the blocks. A reaction time less than 0.100 s is considered a false start. This time interval accounts for the sum of the time it takes for the sound of the starter's pistol to reach the runners' ears, and the time they take to react to it.

For many years a sprinter was disqualified if responsible for two false starts individually. However, this rule allowed some major races to be restarted so many times that the sprinters started to lose focus. The next iteration of the rule, introduced in February 2003, meant that one false start was allowed among the field, but anyone responsible for a subsequent false start was disqualified.

This rule led to some sprinters deliberately false-starting to gain a psychological advantage: an individual with a slower reaction time might false-start, forcing the faster starters to wait and be sure of hearing the gun for the subsequent start, thereby losing some of their advantage. To avoid such abuse and to improve spectator enjoyment, the IAAF implemented a further change in the 2010 season – a false starting athlete now receives immediate disqualification.^[6] This proposal was met with objections when first raised in 2005, on the grounds that it would not leave any room for innocent mistakes. Justin Gatlin commented, "Just a flinch or a leg cramp could cost you a year's worth of work."^[7] The rule had a dramatic impact at the 2011 World Championships, when current world record holder Usain Bolt was disqualified.^{[8] [9]}

Mid-race

Runners usually reach their top speed just past the halfway point of the race and progressively decelerate to the finish. Maintaining that top speed for as long as possible is a primary focus of training for the 100 m.^[10] Pacing and running tactics do not play a significant role in the 100 m, as success in the event depends more on pure athletic qualities and technique.

Finish

The winner, by IAAF Competition Rules, is determined by the first athlete with their torso (not including limbs, head, or neck) over the nearer edge of the finish line.^[11] There is therefore no requirement for the entire body to cross the finish line. When the placing of the athletes is not obvious, a photo finish is used to distinguish which runner was first to cross the line.

Climatic conditions

See also: Wind assistance.

Climatic conditions, in particular air resistance, can affect performances in the 100 m. A strong head wind is very detrimental to performance, while a tail wind can improve performances significantly. For this reason, a maximum tail wind of 2m/s is allowed for a 100 m performance to be considered eligible for records, or "wind legal".

Furthermore, sprint athletes perform a better run at high altitudes because of the thinner air, which provides less air resistance. In theory, the thinner air would also make breathing slightly more difficult (due to the partial pressure of oxygen being lower), but this difference is negligible for sprint distances where all the oxygen needed for the short dash is already in the muscles and bloodstream when the race starts. While there are no limitations on altitude, performances made at altitudes greater than 1000 m above sea level are marked with an "A".^[12]

10-second and 11-second barriers

See main article: 10-second barrier. The 10-second mark had been widely considered a barrier for the 100 metres in men's sprinting. The first man to break the 10 second barrier with automatic timing was Jim Hines at the 1968 Summer Olympics. Since then, over 190 sprinters have run faster than 10 seconds. Similarly, 11 seconds is considered the standard for female athletes. The first woman to go under 11 seconds was Marlies Göhr in 1977.

Record performances

Major 100 m races, such as at the Olympic Games, attract much attention, particularly when the world record is thought to be within reach.

The men's world record has been improved upon twelve times since electronic timing became mandatory in 1977.^[13] The current men's world record of 9.58 s is held by Usain Bolt of Jamaica, set at the 2009 World Athletics Championships final in Berlin, Germany on 16 August 2009, breaking his own previous world record by 0.11 s.^[14] The current women's world record of 10.49 s was set by Florence Griffith-Joyner of the US, at the 1988 United States Olympic Trials in Indianapolis, Indiana, on 16 July 1988^[15] breaking Evelyn Ashford's four-year-old world record by 0.27 seconds. The extraordinary nature of this result and those of several other sprinters in this race raised the possibility of a technical malfunction with the wind gauge which read at 0.0 m/s – a reading which was at complete odds to the windy conditions on the day with high wind speeds being recorded in all other sprints before and after this race as well as the parallel long jump runway at the time of the Griffith-Joyner performance. The next best wind legal performance is Elaine Thompson-Herah's 10.54 second clocking in 2021 at the Prefontaine Classic. Griffith-Joyner's next best legal performance of 10.61 from 1988, would have her third on the all-time list behind Thompson-Herah and Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce (10.60).^[16]

Some records have been marred by prohibited drug use – in particular, the scandal at the 1988 Summer Olympics when the winner, Canadian Ben Johnson was stripped of his medal and world record.

Jim Hines, Ronnie Ray Smith and Charles Greene were the first to break the 10-second barrier in the 100 m, all on 20 June 1968, the Night of Speed. Hines also recorded the first legal electronically timed sub-10 second 100 m in winning the 100 metres at the 1968 Olympics. Bob Hayes ran a wind-assisted 9.91 seconds at the 1964 Olympics.

Continental records

Updated 29 July 2023^[17]

Area	Men					Women
	Time (s)	Wind (m/s)	Season	Athlete	Nation	Time (s)	Wind (m/s)	Season	Athlete	Nation
	9.77	+1.2	2021	Ferdinand Omanyala		10.72	+1.4	2022	Marie-Josée Ta Lou
	9.83	+0.9	2021			10.79	0.0	1997
	9.80	+0.1	2021			10.73	+2.0	1998
	9.58	+0.9	2009			10.49	0.0	1988
	9.93	+1.8	2003			10.96	+2.0	2023
	9.89	+0.8	2023			10.91	−0.2	2017

Notes

• Represents a time set at a high altitude.

All-time top 25 men

See also: 10-second barrier and Men's 100 metres world record progression. ^{[18] [19]}

		Time (s)	Wind (m/s)	Reaction (s)	Athlete	Nation	Date	Place
1	1	9.58	+0.9	0.146			16 August 2009		^[20] ^[21]
	2	9.63	+1.5	0.165	Bolt #2		5 August 2012		^[22]
	3	9.69	±0.0	0.165	Bolt #3		16 August 2008
2	4	9.69	+2.0	0.178			20 September 2009		^[23] ^[24]
−0.1	0.142				23 August 2012		^[25] ^[26]
	6	9.71	+0.9	0.144	Gay #2		16 August 2009
	7	9.72	+1.7	0.157	Bolt #4		31 May 2008		^[27]
4	7	9.72	+0.2				2 September 2008		^[28]
	9	9.74	+1.7	0.137	Powell #2		9 September 2007		^[29]
5	9	9.74	+0.9	0.161			15 May 2015		^[30] ^[31]
	11	9.75	+1.1		Blake #2		29 June 2012
	+1.5	0.179	Blake #3	5 August 2012
	+0.9	0.164	Gatlin #2	4 June 2015			^[32]
	+1.4	0.154	Gatlin #3	9 July 2015			^[33]
	15	9.76	+1.8		Bolt #5		3 May 2008
	+1.3	0.154	Bolt #6	16 September 2011			^[34]
	−0.1	0.152	Bolt #7	31 May 2012			^[35]
	+1.4	0.146	Blake #4	30 August 2012			^[36]
6	15	9.76	+0.6	0.128			28 September 2019		^[37]
		9.76	+1.2				18 September 2021		^[38]
		9.76	+1.4		Fred Kerley		24 June 2022	Eugene	^[39]
	22	9.77	+1.6	0.150	Powell #3		14 June 2005
			+1.5	0.145	Powell #4		11 June 2006
			+1.0	0.148	Powell #5		18 August 2006
			+1.0		Gay #3		28 June 2008
			−1.3		Bolt #8		5 September 2008
			+0.9		Powell #6		7 September 2008
			+0.4		Gay #4		10 July 2009
			−0.3	0.163	Bolt #9		11 August 2013		^[40]
			+0.6	0.178	Gatlin #4		5 September 2014		^[41]
			+0.9	0.153	Gatlin #5		23 August 2015		^[42]
			+1.5		Bromell #2		5 June 2021
9	22	9.77	+1.2				18 September 2021
	22	9.77	+1.8		Kerley #2		24 June 2022	Eugene	^[43]
9	22	9.77	+0.9				28 June 2024		^[44]
11		9.78	+0.9				29 August 2010		^[45]
12		9.79	+0.1				16 June 1999		^[46]
+1.0			0.178			4 August 2024		^[47]
14		9.80	+1.3				4 June 2011		^[48]
+0.1						1 August 2021		^[49]
16		9.81	+0.7	0.146			4 August 2024		^[50]
17		9.82	+1.7				21 June 2014		^[51]
			+1.0	0.149			4 August 2024		^[52]
19		9.83	+0.9				1 August 2021
			+0.9				1 August 2021
			+1.3	0.150	Zharnel Hughes		24 June 2023	New York City	^[53]
22		9.84	+0.7				27 July 1996
			+0.2				22 August 1999
24		9.85	+1.2				6 July 1994		^[54]
			+1.7				12 May 2006
			+1.3				4 June 2011
			+1.5				5 June 2021		^[55]

Assisted marks

Any performance with a following wind of more than 2.0 metres per second is not counted for record purposes. Below is a list of wind-assisted times (equal or superior to 9.80). Only times that are superior to legal bests are shown:

• Justin Gatlin ran 9.45 (+20 m/s) in 2011 on the Japanese TV show Kasupe! assisted by wind machines blowing at speeds over 25 metres per second.^[56] Due to the nature of the performance, World Athletics has not recognized it as a legitimate clocking.
• Tyson Gay (USA) ran 9.68 (+4.1 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Eugene, Oregon on 29 June 2008.^[57]
• Obadele Thompson (BAR) ran 9.69 (+5.7 m/s) at high altitude in El Paso, Texas on 13 April 1996, which stood as the fastest ever 100 metres time for 12 years.
• Andre De Grasse (CAN) ran 9.69 (+4.8 m/s) during the Diamond League in Stockholm on 18 June 2017,^[58] 9.74 (+2.9 m/s) during the Diamond League in Eugene, Oregon on 21 August 2021, and 9.75 (+2.7 m/s) during the NCAA Outdoor Track and Field Championships in Eugene, Oregon on 12 June 2015.
• Richard Thompson (TTO) ran 9.74 (+5.0 m/s) in Clermont, Florida on 31 May 2014.
• Darvis Patton (USA) ran 9.75 (+4.3 m/s) in Austin, Texas on 30 March 2013.
• Trayvon Bromell (USA) ran 9.75 (+2.1 m/s) in Jacksonville, Florida on 30 April 2022, 9.76 (+3.7 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 26 June 2015, and 9.77 (+4.2 m/s) in Lubbock, Texas on 18 May 2014.
• Churandy Martina (AHO) ran 9.76 (+6.1 m/s) at high altitude in El Paso, Texas on 13 May 2006.
• Carl Lewis (USA) ran 9.78 (+5.2 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Indianapolis, Indiana on 16 July 1988 and 9.80 (+4.3 m/s) during the World Championships in Tokyo on 24 August 1991.
• Maurice Greene (USA) ran 9.78 (+3.7 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 31 May 2004.
• Ronnie Baker (USA) ran 9.78 (+2.4 m/s) during the Diamond League in Eugene, Oregon on 26 May 2018.
• Fred Kerley (USA) ran 9.78 (+2.9 m/s) during the Diamond League in Eugene, Oregon on 21 August 2021.
• Andre Cason (USA) ran 9.79 (+5.3 m/s) and (+4.5 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 16 June 1993.
• Favour Ashe (NGR) ran 9.79 (+3.0 m/s) in Baton Rouge, Louisiana on 30 April 2022.
• Walter Dix (USA) ran 9.80 (+4.1 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Eugene, Oregon on 29 June 2008.
• Mike Rodgers (USA) ran 9.80 (+2.7 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 31 May 2014 and 9.80 (+2.4 m/s) in Sacramento, California on 27 June 2014.
• Terrance Laird (USA) ran 9.80 (+3.2 m/s) in College Station, Texas on 15 May 2021.^[59]
• Marvin Bracy (USA) ran 9.80 (+2.9 m/s) in Montverde, Florida on 4 June 2022.
• Noah Lyles (USA) ran 9.80 (+4.4 m/s) in Devonshire, Bermuda on 21 May 2023 and 9.80 (+3.0 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 23 June 2024.

Annulled marks

• Tim Montgomery ran 9.78 (+2.0 m/s) in Paris on 14 September 2002, which was at the time ratified as a world record.^[60] However, the record was rescinded in December 2005 following his indictment in the BALCO scandal on drug use and drug trafficking charges.^[61] The time had stood as the world record until Asafa Powell first ran 9.77.^[62]
• Ben Johnson ran 9.79 (+1.1 m/s) at the Olympics in Seoul on 24 September 1988, but he was disqualified after he tested positive for stanozolol after the race. He subsequently admitted to drug use between 1981 and 1988, and his time of 9.83 (+1.0 m/s) at the World Championships in Rome on 30 August 1987 was rescinded.

All-time top 25 women

See also: Women's 100 metres world record progression. ^{[63] [64]}

		Time (s)	Wind (m/s)	Reaction (s)	Athlete	Nation	Date	Place
1	1	10.49	±0.0				16 July 1988
2	2	10.54	+0.9	0.150			21 August 2021		^[65]
3	3	10.60	+1.7	0.151	Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce		26 August 2021	Lausanne	^[66] ^[67]
	4	10.61	+1.2	0.12	Griffith-Joyner #2		17 July 1988		^[68]
	−0.6	0.150	Thompson-Herah #2	31 July 2021	Tokyo		^[69]
	6	10.62	+1.0	0.107	Griffith-Joyner #3		24 September 1988		^[70]
	+0.4		0.134	Fraser-Pryce #2	10 August 2022			^[71]
	8	10.63	+1.3		Fraser-Pryce #3		5 June 2021	Kingston	^[72] ^[73]
4	9	10.64	+1.2	0.150	Carmelita Jeter		20 September 2009		^[74]
	9	10.64	+1.7	0.154	Thompson-Herah #3		26 August 2021	Lausanne
5	11	10.65	+1.1	0.183	Marion Jones		12 September 1998		^[75]
	11	10.65	+0.6	0.139	Thompson-Herah #4		9 September 2021	Zürich	^[76]
			−0.8	0.159	Fraser-Pryce #4		8 September 2022	Zürich	^[77] ^[78]
6	11	10.65	+1.0		Shericka Jackson		7 July 2023	Kingston	^[79]
−0.2	0.156			21 August 2023	Budapest	^[80]
	16	10.66	+0.5	0.152	Fraser-Pryce #5		6 August 2022	Chorzów	^[81] ^[82]
	17	10.67	−0.1	0.145	Jeter #2		13 September 2009		^[83]
		10.67	−0.4		Fraser-Pryce #6		7 May 2022	Nairobi	^[84] ^[85]
		10.67	+0.5	0.137	Fraser-Pryce #7		18 June 2022	Paris	^[86] ^[87]
			+0.8	0.137	Fraser-Pryce #8		17 July 2022	Eugene	^[88]
			+1.3	0.139	Fraser-Pryce #9		8 August 2022	Székesfehérvár	^[89] ^[90]
	22	10.70	+1.6		Griffith-Joyner #4		17 July 1988	Indianapolis
			−0.1	0.120	Jones #2		22 August 1999		^[91]
			+2.0	0.188	Jeter #3		4 June 2011		^[92]
			+0.6		Fraser-Pryce #10		29 June 2012		^[93]
			+0.3		Thompson-Herah #5		1 July 2016		^[94]
			+1.1		Fraser-Pryce #11		23 June 2022		^[95]
			+0.8	0.190	Jackson #2		16 September 2023		^[96]
8		10.72	+0.4		Marie-Josée Ta Lou		10 August 2022		^[97]
			−0.1	0.144	Julien Alfred		3 August 2024	Saint-Denis	^[98]
10		10.73	+2.0				19 August 1998
11		10.74	+1.3		Merlene Ottey		7 September 1996
			+1.0		English Gardner		3 July 2016	Eugene	^[99]
13		10.75	+0.4		Kerron Stewart		10 July 2009
14		10.76	+1.7		Evelyn Ashford		22 August 1984
			+1.1		Veronica Campbell-Brown		31 May 2011
16		10.77	+0.9		Irina Privalova		6 July 1994
			+0.7		Ivet Lalova		19 June 2004
			+1.6		Jacious Sears		13 April 2024	Gainesville	^[100]
19		10.78	+1.0		Dawn Sowell		3 June 1989
		10.78	+1.8		Torri Edwards		28 June 2008
			+1.6		Murielle Ahouré		11 June 2016	Montverde	^[101]
			+1.0		Tianna Bartoletta		3 July 2016
			+1.0		Tori Bowie		3 July 2016
24		10.79	±0.0		Li Xuemei		18 October 1997
			−0.1		Inger Miller		22 August 1999
			+1.1		Blessing Okagbare		27 July 2013

Assisted marks

Any performance with a following wind of more than 2.0 metres per second is not counted for record purposes. Below is a list of wind-assisted times (equal or superior to 10.75). Only times that are superior to legal bests are shown:

• Florence Griffith-Joyner also ran 10.54 (+3.0 m/s) on 25 September 1988 at the Olympic Games and 10.60 (+3.2 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Indianapolis, Indiana on 16 July 1988.
• Sha'Carri Richardson also ran 10.57 (+4.1 m/s) in Miramar, Florida on 8 April 2023.
• Brittany Brown (USA) ran 10.66 (+3.2 m/s) during the Michael Johnson Invitational in Waco, Texas on 24 April 2022.
• Melissa Jefferson (USA) ran 10.69 (+2.9 m/s) during the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships in Eugene, Oregon on 24 June 2022.
• Tori Bowie (USA) ran 10.72 (+3.2 m/s) during the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships in Eugene, Oregon on 26 June 2015 and 10.74 (+3.1 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Eugene, Oregon on 3 July 2016.
• Tawanna Meadows (USA) ran 10.72 (+4.5 m/s) in Lubbock, Texas on 6 May 2017.
• Blessing Okagbare (NGR) ran 10.72 (+2.7 m/s) in Austin, Texas on 31 March 2018, and 10.75 (+2.2 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 1 June 2013.
• Julien Alfred (LCA) ran 10.72 (+2.4 m/s) in Gainesville, Florida on 14 April 2023 and 10.72 (+2.3 m/s) on 10 June 2023 in Austin, Texas.
• Aleia Hobbs (USA) ran 10.72 (+2.9 m/s) during the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships in Eugene, Oregon on 24 June 2022.
• Cambrea Sturgis ran 10.74 (+2.2 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 12 June 2021.
• Twanisha Terry (USA) ran 10.74 (+2.9 m/s) during the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships in Eugene, Oregon on 24 June 2022.
• Jenna Prandini (USA) ran 10.75 (+4.3 m/s) in Montverde, Florida on 4 June 2022.

Notes:

• Sha'Carri Richardson ran 10.64 (+2.6 m/s) at the US Olympic trials in Eugene, Oregon on 19 June 2021, but her result was later nullified due to a positive test for cannabis.

Season's bests

Men

Year	Time	Athlete	Place
1972	10.07		Munich
1973	10.15		Dakar
1974	9.9		Los Angeles
1975	10.05		Zürich
1976	10.06		Montreal
1977	9.98		Guadalajara
1978	10.07		Eugene
	10.07		Colorado Springs
	10.07		Zürich
1979	10.01		Mexico City
1980	10.02		Westwood
1981	10.00		Dallas
1982	10.00		Modesto
1983	9.93		Colorado Springs
1984	9.96		Athens
1985	9.98		Modesto
1986	10.00		Berlin
1987	9.93		Rome
1988	9.92		Seoul
1989	9.94		Houston
1990	9.96		Villeneuve d'Ascq
	9.96		Sestriere
1991	9.86		Tokyo
1992	9.93		Walnut
1993	9.87		Stuttgart
1994	9.85		Lausanne
1995	9.91		Montreal
1996	9.84		Atlanta
1997	9.86		Athens
1998	9.86		Walnut
			Athens
1999	9.79		Athens
2000	9.86		Berlin
2001	9.82		Edmonton
2002	9.89		Rome
2003	9.93		Mito
2004	9.85		Athens
2005	9.77		Athens
2006	9.77		Gateshead
			Zürich
2007	9.74		Rieti
2008	9.69		Beijing
2009	9.58		Berlin
2010	9.78		London
			Rieti
2011	9.76		Brussels
2012	9.63		London
2013	9.77		Moscow
2014	9.77		Brussels
2015	9.74		Doha
2016	9.80		Eugene
2017	9.82		Eugene
2018	9.79		Brussels
2019	9.76		Doha
2020	9.86		Fort Worth
2021	9.76		Nairobi
2022	9.76		Eugene
2023	9.83		New York City
			Budapest
			Xiamen
			Eugene
2024	9.77		Kingston

Women

Year	Time	Athlete	Place
1972	11.07		Munich
1973	11.07		Dresden
1974	11.13		Rome
1975	11.13		Dresden
1976	11.01		Montreal
1977	10.88		Dresden
1978	10.94		Dresden
1979	10.97		Dresden
			Walnut
1980	10.93		Dresden
1981	10.90		Colorado Springs
1982	10.88		Karl-Marx-Stadt
1983	10.79		Colorado Springs
1984	10.76		Zürich
1985	10.86		Berlin
1986	10.88		Rieti
1987	10.86		Belgrade
			Potsdam
1988	10.49		Indianapolis
1989	10.78		Provo
1990	10.78		Seville
1991	10.79		Vigo
1992	10.80		Salamanca
1993	10.82		Lausanne
			Stuttgart
			Stuttgart
1994	10.77		Lausanne
1995	10.84		Gothenburg
1996	10.74		Milan
1997	10.76		Brussels
1998	10.65		Johannesburg
1999	10.70		Seville
2000	10.78		London
2001	10.82		Edmonton
2002	10.91		Manchester
2003	10.86		Monaco
2004	10.77		Plovdiv
2005	10.84		Lausanne
2006	10.82		Kingston
2007	10.89		Kingston
2008	10.78		Eugene
			Beijing
2009	10.64		Shanghai
2010	10.78		Eugene
2011	10.70		Eugene
2012	10.70		Kingston
2013	10.71		Moscow
2014	10.80		Monaco
2015	10.74		Saint-Denis
2016	10.70		Kingston
2017	10.71		Kingston
2018	10.85		Doha
			Berlin
2019	10.71		Doha
2020	10.85		Rome
2021	10.54		Eugene
2022	10.62		Monaco
2023	10.65		Kingston
			Budapest
2024	10.71		Eugene

Top 25 junior (under-20) men

^[102]

Rank	Time	Wind (m/s)	Athlete	Nation	Date	Place	Age	Ref
1	9.89	+0.8	Issamade Asinga		28 July 2023	São Paulo		^[103]
2	9.91	+0.8			2 August 2022			^[104]
3	9.93	+1.6	Christian Miller		20 April 2024	Clermont		^[105]
4	9.97	+1.8			13 June 2014			^[106]
5	9.99	+0.3			29 March 2023			^[107]
6	10.00	+1.6			5 July 2014
7	10.01	0.0			24 August 2003
		+1.6			28 June 2008
		+0.9			28 April 2013			^[108]
	10.01	+1.9	Renan Gallina		19 May 2023	Bogotá		^[109]
11	10.03	+0.7			31 July 2009
		+1.7			19 May 2019			^[110]
		+0.6			27 May 2022			^[111]
14	10.04	+1.7	D'Angelo Cherry		10 June 2009
		+0.2			24 July 2009
		+1.9			15 April 2016			^[112]
		−0.1			16 April 2022	Gainesville		^[113]
18	10.05		Davidson Ezinwa		3 January 1990	Bauchi
		+0.1			11 July 2012
		+0.6			24 June 2017			^[114]
		−0.6			4 August 2017			^[115]
21	10.06	0.0			26 April 1997
		+2.0			25 July 1997
		+1.5			2	7 May 2005
		+0.8	Shaun Maswanganyi		14 March 2020	Pretoria		^[116]
		+1.1	He Jinxian		29 June 2024	Rizhao		^[117]

Notes

• Trayvon Bromell recorded the fastest wind-assisted (+4.2 m/s) time for a junior or age-18 athlete of 9.77 seconds on 18 May 2014 (age).^[118]
• Yoshihide Kiryu's time of 10.01 seconds matched the junior world record set by Darrel Brown and Jeff Demps, but was not ratified because of the type of wind gauge used.^[119]
• British sprinter Mark Lewis-Francis recorded a time of 9.97 seconds on 4 August 2001 (age), but the wind gauge malfunctioned.^[120]
• Nigerian sprinter Davidson Ezinwa recorded a time of 10.05 seconds on 4 January 1990 (age), but with no wind gauge.^[121]

Below is a list of all other legal times equal or superior to 10.06:

• Letsile Tebogo also ran 9.94 (2022), 9.96 (2022).
• Trayvon Bromell also ran 10.01 (2014), 10.02 (2014).
• Bouwahjgie Nkrumie also ran 10.02 (2022).
• Yoshihide Kiryu also ran 10.05 (2014).
• Adam Gemili also ran 10.06 (2012).
• Abdul Hakim Sani Brown also ran 10.06 (2×2017).
• Christian Miller also ran 10.06 (2023).

Top 25 junior (under-20) women

^[122]

Rank	Time	Wind (m/s)	Athlete	Nation	Date	Place	Age	Ref
1	10.75	+1.6			8 June 2019				^[123]
2	10.83	+0.6			30 July 2022				^[124]
3	10.88	+2.0			1 July 1977
4	10.89	+1.8			20 July 1988
		+0.9			3 June 2023			^[125]
6	10.92	+1.0			29 March 2023
7	10.95	−0.1			3 August 2022			^[126]
8	10.97	+1.2			5 June 2021			^[127]
	10.97	+1.6			30 April 2022			^[128]
10	10.98	+2.0			20 June 2015			^[129]
11	10.99	+0.9			22 July 2015			^[130]
		+1.7			21 April 2018			^[131]
13	11.00	+1.5	Mia Brahe-Pedersen		27 May 2023	Eugene		^[132]
14	11.02	+1.8			12 May 2018
15	11.03	+1.7			8 June 1983
		+0.6			14 May 2011
17	11.04	+1.4			5 June 1999
		+1.6			8 June 2019			^[133]
19	11.06	+0.9			24 June 2017			^[134]
20	11.07	+0.7			27 June 2008
21	11.08	+2.0			21 June 1976
22	11.09				14 April 1984
		+1.6			27 May 2021
	11.09	+0.1			2 August 2022			^[135]
25	11.10	+0.9			5 July 2014
		+1.6			27 January 2024			^[136]

Notes

• Briana Williams ran 10.94 s at the Jamaican Championships on 21 June 2019, which would have made her the fourth fastest junior female of all time. However, she tested positive for the banned diuretic hydrochlorothiazide during the competition. She was determined to be not at fault and received no period of ineligibility to compete, but her results from the Jamaican Championships were nullified.

Below is a list of all other legal times equal or superior to 11.10:

• Tamari Davis also ran 10.91 (2022).
• Tina Clayton also ran 10.96 (2022) and 11.09 (2021)
• Briana Williams also ran 10.98 (2021), 11.00 (2021), 11.01 (2021), 11.02 (2019, 2021), 11.09 (2021) and 11.10 (2019).
• Sha'Carri Richardson also ran 10.99 (2×2019).
• Twanisha Terry also ran 11.03 (2018) and 11.08 (2018).
• Marlies Gohr also ran 11.07 (1977) and 11.10 (1977).
• Candace Hill also ran 11.07 (2016), 11.08 (2015) and 11.09 (2016).
• Silke Gladisch-Moeller also ran 11.08 (1983).
• Bianca Knight also ran 11.09 (2008).
• Ángela Tenorio also ran 11.09 (2×2015) and 11.10 (2015).
• Tina Clayton also ran 11.09 (2021).

Top 25 Youth (under-18) boys

^[137]

Rank	Time	Wind (m/s)	Athlete	Country	Date	Place	Age	Ref
1	10.06	+2.0	Christian Miller		8 July 2023	Eugene		^[138]
		+1.4	Puripol Boonson		30 September 2023	Hangzhou		^[139]
3	10.15	+2.0			31 March 2017			^[140]
4	10.16	−0.3			23 May 2021			^[141]
5	10.19	+0.5	Yoshihide Kiryu		3 November 2012
6	10.20	+1.4			15 June 2014
		+1.5	Tlotliso Leotlela		7 September 2015			^[142]
		+2.0			23 March 2018			^[143]
9	10.22	+1.0			14 May 2016
10	10.23	+0.8	Tamunosiki Atorudibo		23 March 2002
		+1.2	Rynell Parson		21 June 2007
12	10.24	0.0			14 April 2001
13	10.25	+1.5	J-Mee Samuels		11 July 2004
		+1.6	Jeff Demps		1 August 2007
		+0.9			5 March 2016			^[144]
16	10.26	+1.2			21 July 1994
		−0.1	Sunday Emmanuel		18 March 1995
		+0.6			24 June 2023			^[145]
19	10.27	+0.2			19 May 1984
		+1.6			30 June 1990
		+1.0			8 June 2002
		−0.2			23 April 2011
		+1.9			20 April 2014
		+1.3			16 July 2021			^[146]
		+0.8			29 October 2022

Notes

Below is a list of all other legal times equal or superior to 10.20:

• Puripol Boonson also ran 10.09 (2022), 10.12 (2022), 10.20 (2022).

Top 20 Youth (under-18) girls

^[147]

Rank	Time	Wind (m/s)	Athlete	Nation	Date	Place	Age	Ref
1	10.98	+2.0			20 June 2015
2	11.02	+0.8			8 June 2019
3	11.09	−0.6			19 August 2021
4	11.10	+0.9			5 July 2014			^[148]
5	11.11	+1.7	Adaejah Hodge		29 April 2023	Lubbock		^[149]
6	11.13	+2.0			21 June 1976
		+1.6			9 June 2018
8	11.14	+1.7			6 June 1992
		−0.5			21 June 1997
10	11.15	−0.1	Shawnti Jackson		3 August 2022	Cali		^[150]
11	11.16	+1.2			22 June 2006
		+0.9			23 March 2018
		+1.2			6 April 2022			^[151]
14	11.17	+0.6			3 July 1983
15	11.19	0.0			16 July 2015
16	11.20	+1.2			15 October 1968
17	11.22	+1.2			6 April 2022
	11.22	+0.2			31 March 2022
	11.22	+0.5			21 March 2024			^[152]
20	11.24	+1.2			22 June 2006
		+0.8			31 May 2010

Notes

• Briana Williams ran 10.94 s at the Jamaican Championships on 21 June 2019, which would have been a world under-18 best time.^[153] However, she tested positive for the banned diuretic hydrochlorothiazide during the competition. She was determined to be not at fault and received no period of ineligibility to compete, but her results from the Jamaican Championships were nullified.^{[154] [155] [156]}

Below is a list of all other legal times equal or superior to 11.24:

• Briana Williams also ran 11.10 (2019), 11.11 (2019), 11.13 (2018), 11.21 (2018).
• Adaejah Hodge also ran 11.12 (2023).
• Tamari Davis also ran 11.15 (2020).
• Tina Clayton also ran 11.17.
• Kevona Davis also ran 11.24 (2017).

100 metres per age category

The best performances by 5- to 19-year-old athletes

Boys

Age	Time	Wind (m/s)	Athlete	Date	Place	Age	Ref
5	15.93	−2.1	Kai Sapp	8 June 2019
6	14.30	+1.7	Willie Washington	24 July 2010
7	13.46	−1.7		6 August 2011
8	12.80	+0.5		29 July 2012
9	12.45	+1.1		3 August 2013
10	12.06	−0.4	Nyckoles Harbor	8 June 2016
11	11.86	+0.1		25 June 2017
12	11.16	+2.0		4 October 1998
13	10.82	+1.2		10 July 1998
14	10.51	−0.7		31 March 2017
15	10.20	+2.0		23 March 2018
16	10.09	+0.7		2 August 2022			^[157]
17	10.01	+2.0		29 April 2013
18	9.97	+1.8		13 June 2014
19	9.84	+1.3		25 June 2015

Girls

Age	Time	Wind (m/s)	Athlete	Date	Place	Age
5	16.12	+1.6	Micahlena Cotton	9 July 2016
6	14.89	0.0	Stacey Onyepunuka	6 July 2013
7	13.97	−0.4	Payton Payne	25 July 2015
8	13.55	+1.5	Kharisma Watkins	1 June 2019
9	12.67	+1.7		9 July 2017
10	12.15	+0.5		26 July 2018
11	11.75	+1.6		28 July 2019
12	11.75	+1.6		28 July 2019
13	11.54	−1.2		27 May 2018
14	11.27	+1.4		29 March 2019
15	11.13	+1.7		17 March 2018
		+1.6	Tamari Davis	9 June 2018
16	10.98	+2.0	Candace Hill	20 June 2015
17	10.94	+0.6		21 June 2019
18	10.89	+1.8		20 July 1988
19	10.75	+1.3		8 June 2019

Para world records men

Updated July 2023^[158]

Class	Time	Wind (m/s)	Athlete	Nationality	Date	Place	Ref
T11	10.82	+1.2	Athanasios Ghavelas		2 September 2021	Tokyo	^[159]
T12	10.37	+0.8	Salum Ageze Kashafali		15 June 2023	Oslo	^[160]
T13	10.46	+0.6	Jason Smyth		1 September 2012	London
T32	23.25	0.0	Martin McDonagh		13 August 1999	Nottingham
T33	16.46	+1.3	Ahmad Almutairi		12 May 2015	Doha
		+1.0			3 June 2017	Nottwil
T34	14.46	+0.6	Walid Ktila		1 June 2019	Arbon
T35	11.39	0.0	Dmitrii Safronov		30 August 2021	Tokyo	^[161]
T36	11.72	+0.7	James Turner		10 November 2019	Dubai
T37	10.95	+0.3	Nick Mayhugh		27 August 2021	Tokyo	^[162]
T38	10.74	−0.3	Hu Jianwen		13 September 2016	Rio de Janeiro	^[163]
T42	12.04	–0.5	Anton Prokhorov		30 August 2021	Tokyo	^[164]
T43	vacant
T44	11.00	+1.1	Mpumelelo Mhlongo		11 November 2019	Dubai
T45	10.94	+0.2	Yohansson Nascimento		6 September 2012	London
T46/47	10.29	+1.8	Petrucio Ferreira dos Santos		31 March 2022	São Paulo
T51	19.32	+1.2	Roger Habsch		18 May 2023	Arbon	^[165]
T52	16.41	+0.2	Raymond Martin		30 May 2019	Arbon
T53	14.10	+0.7	Brent Lakatos		27 May 2017	Arbon
T54	13.63	+1.0	Leo-Pekka Tähti		1 September 2012	London
	13.63	–0.9	Athiwat Paeng-nuea		15 July 2023	Paris
T61	12.73	+0.9	Ali Lacin		3 July 2020	Berlin
T62	10.54	+1.6	Johannes Floors		10 November 2019	Dubai
T63	11.95	+1.9	Vinicius Goncalves Rodrigues		25 April 2019	São Paulo
T64	10.61	+1.4	Richard Browne		29 October 2015	Doha

Para world records women

Updated May 2024^[166]

Classification	Time	Wind (m/s)	Athlete	Nationality	Date	Place	Ref
T11	11.83	−0.4	Jerusa Geber Santos		25 March 2023	São Paulo	^[167]
T12	11.40	+0.2	Omara Durand		9 September 2016	Rio de Janeiro	^[168]
T13	11.79	+0.5	Leilia Adzhametova		11 September 2016	Rio de Janeiro	^[169]
T32	17.67	0.0	Lindsay Wright		25 July 1997	Nottingham
T33	19.89	+0.3	Shelby Watson		26 May 2016	Nottwil
T34	16.31	+1.1	Hannah Cockroft		27 May 2023	Nottwil	^[170]
T35	13.00	+1.2	Zhou Xia		27 August 2021	Tokyo	^[171]
T36	13.41	+0.8	Danielle Aitchison		15 March 2024	Wellington	^[172]
T37	12.82	+1.0	Karen Palomeque		13 July 2023	Paris	^[173]
T38	12.38	+1.0	Sophie Hahn		12 November 2019	Dubai
		+0.4			28 August 2021	Tokyo	^[174]
T42	14.64	+2.0	Karisma Evi Tiarani		27 May 2022	Nottwil	^[175]
T43	12.80	+1.0	Marlou van Rhijn		29 October 2015	Doha	^[176]
T44	12.72	+0.5	Irmgard Bensusan		24 May 2019	Nottwil	^[177]
	12.72	+1.8	Irmgard Bensusan		21 June 2019	Leverkusen
T45	14.00	0.0	Giselle Cole		2 June 1980	Arnhem
T46/47	11.89	−0.2	Brittni Mason		12 November 2019	Dubai	^[178]
T51	24.69	−0.8	Cassie Mitchell		2 July 2016	Charlotte
T52	18.33	+1.3	Tanja Henseler		27 May 2023	Nottwil	^[179]
T53	15.25	+1.2	Catherine Debrunner		27 May 2023	Nottwil	^[180]
T54	15.35	+1.9	Tatyana McFadden		5 June 2016	Indianapolis
T61	14.95	+1.5	Vanessa Louw		20 January 2020	Canberra
T62	12.78	+1.0	Fleur Jong		21 August 2020	Leverkusen
T63	13.98	+0.6	Ambra Sabatini		13 July 2023	Paris	^[181]
T64	12.64	+1.6	Fleur Jong		3 June 2021	Bydgoszcz	^[182]

Olympic medalists

Women

World Championships medalists

Women

See also

• 100-yard dash
• List of 100 metres national champions (men)
• List of 100 metres national champions (women)
• Men's 100 metres world record progression
• Women's 100 metres world record progression
• 2018 in 100 metres
• 2019 in 100 metres
• 2020 in 100 metres

External links

• • IAAF list of 100-metres records in XML
• All-time men's 100 m list
• All-time women's 100 m list
• Olympics 100 m – Men
• Olympics 100 m – Women

Notes and References

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3. Book: Bob Harris. Ramela Mills. Shanon Parker-Bennett. BTEC First Sport. 22 June 2004. Heinemann. 978-0-435-45460-9. 35.
4. Web site: The Day - Google News Archive Search. news.google.com.
5. Web site: Athletics Weekly • View topic - IAAF Tweaks False Start Rule . 23 August 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140729032958/http://www.athleticsweekly.com/messageboard/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=3893 . 29 July 2014 . dead .
6. News: IAAF keeps one false-start rule . BBC . 15 August 2008 . 3 August 2005.
7. News: Gatlin queries false start change . 15 August 2008 . BBC News . 6 May 2005.
8. News: Who Can Beat Bolt in the 100? Himself. The New York Times. Christopher Clarey. 28 August 2011. 28 August 2011.
9. News: The disqualification of Usain Bolt. IAAF. 28 August 2011. 28 August 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110914091209/http://daegu2011.iaaf.org/newslistdetail.aspx?id=61468. 14 September 2011. dead.
10. Web site: Usain Bolt 100m 10 meter Splits and Speed Endurance . Speedendurance.com . 22 August 2008 . 7 August 2012.
11. Web site: IAAF Competition Rules 2009, Rule 164 . IAAF . 23 August 2009 . Sandre-Tom . https://web.archive.org/web/20110723135925/http://www.goldenleague.net/mm/Document/Competitions/TechnicalArea/04/95/59/20090303014358_httppostedfile_CompetitionRules2009_printed_8986.pdf . 23 July 2011 . dead .
12. http://www.iaaf.org/community/athletics/trackfield/newsid=4666.html 100 metres
13. Web site: Associated Press. Progression of 100 meters world record. ESPN. 12 May 2006 . 28 June 2011.
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15. http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=o/age=n/season=0/sex=W/all=y/legal=A/disc=100/detail.html 100 Metres All Time
16. Linthorne, N.(PHD)(1995)The 100m World Record by Florence Griffith Joyner at the 1988 U.S Olympic Trials. Report for the International Amateur Athletic Federation Department of Physics, University of Western Australia
17. https://www.worldathletics.org/records/by-discipline/sprints/100-metres/outdoor/women Records - Records by Event - 100 Metres
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23. Web site: Tyson Gay equals Usain Bolt's old world record with second fastest 100m . The Guardian. 20 September 2009 . 5 December 2018.
24. Web site: News - 2009 Results / Video - Shanghai Golden Grand Prix . www.runnerspace.com . 10 May 2023.
25. Web site: Yohan Blake becomes 3rd man to run 9.69 . Campigotto . Jesse . Canadian Broadcasting Corporation . 23 August 2012 . 5 December 2018.
26. Web site: SAMSUNG DIAMOND LEAGUE 2012 Lausanne (SUI) 23 August 2012 100m Men . 10 May 2023.
27. Web site: News - 9.72 World Record for Usain Bolt - Reebok Grand Prix . www.runnerspace.com . 10 May 2023.
28. Web site: Powell equals second fastest 100 meters time . Ledsom . Mark . . 2 September 2008 . 5 December 2018.
29. Web site: Men's 100m Split Times - by time . 10 May 2023.
30. Web site: Justin Gatlin runs fastest 100 meters in world this year . ESPN . 15 May 2015 . 5 December 2018.
31. Web site: IAAF DIAMOND LEAGUE Doha (QAT) 15.05.2015 Results 100m Men . 11 May 2023.
32. Web site: IAAF DIAMOND LEAGUE Rome (ITA) 4 June 2015 Results 100m Men . 12 May 2023.
33. Web site: IAAF DIAMOND LEAGUE Lausanne (SUI) 9 July 2015 Results 100m Men . 12 May 2023.
34. Web site: SAMSUNG DIAMOND LEAGUE 2011 Brussels (BEL) 16.09.2011 100m Men . 12 May 2023.
35. Web site: SAMSUNG DIAMOND LEAGUE 2012 Roma (ITA) 31 May 2012 100m Men . 12 May 2023.
36. Web site: SAMSUNG DIAMOND LEAGUE 2012 Zürich (SUI) 29 - 30 August 2012 100m Men . 12 May 2023.
37. Web site: 100m Results. IAAF. 28 September 2019. 29 September 2019.
38. Web site: World Athletics Continental Tour World Athletics. World Athletics. 18 September 2021. 20 September 2021.
39. Web site: Kerley cruises to speedy 100m triumph at US Championships REPORT World Athletics . 2023-06-24 . worldathletics.org.
40. Web site: IAAF RESULTS 100 Metres Men - Final World Championships Moscow (RUS) 10-18 August 2013 . 12 May 2023.
41. Web site: IAAF DIAMOND LEAGUE Brussels (BEL) 5 September 2014 100m Men . 12 May 2023.
42. Web site: 100 Metres Result 15th IAAF World Championships . worldathletics.org . 12 May 2023 . en.
43. News: Kerley cruises to speedy 100m triumph at US Championships. World Athletics. Karen Rosen. 25 June 2022. 28 June 2022.
44. Web site: Thompson and Jackson win 100m titles at Jamaican Championships. World Athletics. Noel Francis. 29 June 2024. 29 June 2024.
45. Web site: 29 August 2010 . Nesta Carter ties for fastest 100 of year . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20181210111318/http://old.seattletimes.com/html/sports/2012755010_apathrietigp100.html . 10 December 2018 . 9 December 2018 . The Seattle Times.
46. Web site: Greene Breaks World Record in the 100 Meters . Litsky . Frank . The New York Times. 17 June 1999 . 5 December 2018.
47. Web site: Men's 100m Final Result. olympics.com. 4 August 2024. 4 August 2024.
48. Web site: Tyson Gay runs year's fastest 100 metres . Cherry . Gene . The Globe and Mail. 4 June 2011 . 14 December 2013.
49. Web site: Men's 100m Final Results. olympics.com. 1 August 2021. 16 August 2021. 1 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210801131634/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/ATH/OG2020-_ATH_C73A_ATHM100M--------------FNL-000100--.pdf. dead.
50. Web site: Men's 100m Semifinal 1/3 Result. olympics.com. 4 August 2024. 5 August 2024.
51. Web site: Thompson breaks record . guardian.co.tt . . 22 June 2014 . 14 December 2018.
52. Web site: Men's 100m Final Result. olympics.com. 4 August 2024. 4 August 2024.
53. Web site: Hughes runs world-leading British 100m record in New York REPORT World Athletics . 2023-06-24 . worldathletics.org.
54. Web site: Burrell Eclipses 100-Meter Mark . Los Angeles Times. 7 July 1994 . 5 December 2018.
55. Web site: NACAC NEW LIFE INVITATIONAL Mens 100 Dash . halfmiletiming.com . 5 June 2021.
56. News: Justin Gatlin Ran 9.45 With Crazy Wind-Aid on Japanese TV. flotrack.org. 29 February 2016. 23 February 2017.
57. Zinser, Lynn (30 June 2008),"Shattering Limits on the Track, and in the Pool" The New York Times
58. Ewing, Lori (The Canadian Press) (18 June 2017), http://news.nationalpost.com/sports/olympics/andre-de-grasse-runs-blinding-but-wind-aided-9-69-to-win-100m-at-meet-in-stockholm National Post
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61. Web site: CAS decision on Montgomery and Gaines . iaaf.org . . 13 December 2005 . 9 December 2018.
62. Web site: Powell keeps his World record promise . Nikitaridis . Michalis . iaaf.org . . 14 June 2005 . 9 December 2018.
63. Web site: Toplists - All time Top lists - Senior Outdoor 100 Metres Women. World Athletics. 31 July 2021.
64. Web site: All-time women's best 100m. alltime-athletics.com. 31 July 2021.
65. Web site: Prefontaine Classic 2021 Complete Results. sportresult.com. 21 August 2021. 27 August 2021.
66. News: Fraser-Pryce and Rojas show their class in Lausanne. World Athletics. Simon Turnbull. 27 August 2021. 10 September 2021.
67. Web site: Wanda Diamond League Stade Olympique de la Pontaise - Lausanne (SUI) 25th - 26th August 2021 Results 100m Women. 10 May 2023.
68. Web site: Women's 100m Split Times - by time . 10 May 2023.
69. Web site: Athletics – Women's 100m Final Results. olympics.com. 31 July 2021. 13 August 2021. 2 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210802225415/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/ATH/OG2020-_ATH_C73A_ATHW100M--------------FNL-000100--.pdf. dead.
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71. Web site: Wanda Diamond League Stade Louis II - Monaco (MON) 10th August 2022 Results 100m Women . 10 May 2023.
72. News: Jamaican sprinter becomes the second-fastest woman of all time ahead of Tokyo Olympics. The Washington Post. Glynn A. Hill. 5 June 2021. 15 June 2021.
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