1-Arseno-3-phosphoglycerate explained

1-Arseno-3-phosphoglycerate is a compound produced by the enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, present in high concentrations in many organisms, from glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and arsenate in the glycolysis pathway.^[1] The compound is unstable and hydrolyzes spontaneously to 3-phosphoglycerate, bypassing the energy producing step of glycolysis.

Effects on glycolysis

1-Arseno-3-phosphoglycerate can be derived from the glycolytic pathway via the bonding of Arsenate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, which is catalyzed by glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH).^[2] The net production of ATP is zero as a result of the formation of the intermediate, 1-arseno-3-phosphoglycerate, as opposed to the conventional pathway, which produces a net result of two ATP molecules.^[3]

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + AsO4^3- + NAD+ ->[GAPDH] NADH +H+ + 1-Arseno-3-phosphoglycerate

Notes and References

1. Byers LD, She HS, Alayoff A . Interaction of phosphate analogues with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase . Biochemistry . 18 . 12 . 2471–80 . June 1979 . 375973 . 10.1021/bi00579a006 .
2. Chen J, Yoshinaga M, Garbinski LD, Rosen BP . Synergistic interaction of glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and ArsJ, a novel organoarsenical efflux permease, confers arsenate resistance . Molecular Microbiology . 100 . 6 . 945–53 . June 2016 . 26991003 . 4992400 . 10.1111/mmi.13371 .
3. Book: Byers LD . Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from yeast . Carbohydrate Metabolism - Part D . Methods in Enzymology . 89 . 326–35 . 1982-01-01 . 6755173 . 10.1016/S0076-6879(82)89059-9 . 978-0-12-181989-7 .