| Hengshui | |
| Native Name: | 衡水市 |
| Native Name Lang: | zh |
| Nickname: | Peach City (Chinese: 桃城), Lake City (Chinese: 水市湖城) |
| Settlement Type: | Prefecture-level city |
| Image Map1: | Location_of_Hengshui_Prefecture_within_Hebei_(China).png |
| Map Caption1: | Location of Hengshui City jurisdiction in Hebei |
| Pushpin Map: | China Hebei#China Northern Plain#China |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of the city centre in Hebei |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | People's Republic of China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Hebei |
| Seat Type: | Municipal seat |
| Seat: | Taocheng District |
| Established Title: | Settled |
| Established Date: | 1265 |
| Established Title2: | Established |
| Established Date2: | May 31, 1996 |
| Area Total Km2: | 8836.95 |
| Area Metro Km2: | 608.8 |
| Area Urban Km2: | 608.8 |
| Area Urban Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Footnotes: | [2] |
| Population Total: | 4212933 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Blank1 Title: | Districts |
| Population Metro: | 805000 |
| Population Urban: | 805000 |
| Population Density Metro Km2: | auto |
| Population Density Urban Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP[3] |
}
| P: | Héngshuǐ |
| L: | "horizontal river" |
Hengshui is a prefecture-level city in southern Hebei province, People's Republic of China, bordering Shandong to the southeast,It borders Shijiazhuang City to the west, Xingtai City to the south, and Baoding City and Cangzhou City to the north. As of the 2020 census its population was 4,212,933 inhabitants, out of whom 805,000 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Taocheng urban district.[2] It is on the Beijing–Kowloon railway.
Hengshui has a long history and profound cultural heritage. During the Three Kingdoms period, Yuan Shao once stationed millions of troops in Jizhou to compete with Cao Cao. Dong Zhongshu, a great philosopher of the Western Han Dynasty and a great master of the Confucian school, was born in Hengshui Jing County. Hengshui now has two national-level cultural relics protection units: the Jingxian Fengshi Tombs and the Relic Pagoda, plus the Houzhong Han Tomb, Shuangzhong Han Tomb, Xiyuantou Han Tomb in Jizhou, the Qinglin Temple Pagoda in the old city, and the Taocheng District There are 19 provincial key cultural relics protection units including Baoyun Temple Pagoda.[4]
| Map | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010 census) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | ||
| 1 | Taocheng District | Chinese: 桃城区 | Táochéng Qū | 522,147 | 602.5 | 867 | |
| 2 | Jizhou District | Chinese: 冀州区 | Jìzhōu Qū | 362,013 | 918 | 394 | |
| 3 | Shenzhou City | Chinese: 深州市 | Shēnzhōu Shì | 566,087 | 1,244 | 455 | |
| 4 | Zaoqiang County | Chinese: 枣强县 | Zǎoqiáng Xiàn | 391,469 | 903 | 437 | |
| 5 | Wuyi County | Chinese: 武邑县 | Wǔyì Xiàn | 315,693 | 830 | 380 | |
| 6 | Wuqiang County | Chinese: 武强县 | Wǔqiáng Xiàn | 214,549 | 442 | 485 | |
| 7 | Raoyang County | Chinese: 饶阳县 | Ráoyáng Xiàn | 280,498 | 573 | 490 | |
| 8 | Anping County | Chinese: 安平县 | Ānpíng Xiàn | 328,512 | 493 | 666 | |
| 9 | Gucheng County | Chinese: 故城县 | Gùchéng Xiàn | 487,025 | 941 | 518 | |
| 10 | Jing County | Chinese: 景县 | Jǐng Xiàn | 528,693 | 1,183 | 447 | |
| 11 | Fucheng County | Chinese: 阜城县 | Fùchéng Xiàn | 341,087 | 698 | 489 | |
Hengshui High School and Hengshui University[6] are located in Hengshui.
Hebei Hengshui Middle School, referred to as "Hengzhong", was founded in 1951 and is located in Hengshui City, Hebei Province. It is one of the three key high schools directly under the Hengshui Municipal People's Government.[7]
Hengshui University is located in Hengshui City, Hebei Province. It is a full-time general higher education institution approved by the Ministry of Education.
The school was formerly the Sixth Normal School of Zhili, which was founded in 1923. In 1949, it was restructured into Hebei Jixian Normal School. In 1960, it was moved to Hengshui and renamed Hebei Hengshui Normal School. In 1978, with the approval of the State Council, Hengshui Normal College was established on the basis of Hengshui Normal School. On May 17, 2004, it was upgraded to Hengshui College. In 2016, the school became a provincial master’s program construction unit in Hebei Province.[8]
Water Lake Scenic Area
Hengshui Lake National Nature Reserve is adjacent to Hengshui City to the north and Jizhou City to the south, with a total area of 268 square kilometers.
Its biodiversity is very rich, with inland freshwater wetland ecosystems and national Class I and II birds as the main protection objects. Noble cranes, beautiful swans, nimble gulls, and light egrets dance and play leisurely. Hengshui Lake is a wonderland on earth and a paradise for birds.[9]
Luli Ancient Town is located on the bank of Hengshui Lake. It is built with the theme of Han culture and relies on the wetland scenery of Hengshui Lake. Inheriting the national spirit of advocating morality, courtesy and self-improvement, taking "Lv Li" as the cultural symbol and promoting the traditional Chinese culture as the core content. It is China’s first and only experiential study tour ancient town with the theme of traditional Chinese etiquette and filial piety culture that integrates “food, clothing, accommodation, transportation, learning, travel, shopping, and entertainment”. Luli Ancient Town is located on the east side of National Highway 106, Weitun Town, Binhu New District, Hengshui City, with a total area of 4,150 acres and a total investment of 2.5 billion yuan.[10]
The Harrison International Peace Hospital is located in Hengshui. This comprehensive teaching and research hospital was named after Dr. Tillson Harrison, a martyr to the Chinese revolution. Dr. Harrison, a Canadian, died in 1947 while transporting medical equipment and supplies. Some of this equipment is on display in an exhibition room in the hospital.The hospital uses both traditional Chinese medicine and modern western diagnostic and therapeutic technology.[11]
The city is renowned as the centre for inside painting, mainly of small snuff bottles. Zhang Rucai was born in Hebei Province and since 1972, he started to learn the art of inside painting. In April 1996, he was conferred the title Master of Chinese Folk Arts & Crafts by UNESCO. The city has a fascinating museum and exhibition of the art of the inside painter - many complex paintings done on the inside of small snuff bottles as well as special larger pieces of glassware.[12]
There is a Buddhist Temple on the outskirts of the city and a bridge in the old part of the city - one of the few remnants of the old town.
Hengshui has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk), with hot, humid summers due to the East Asian Monsoon and brief, though very cold and dry winters, owing to the prevailing dry north-westerly winds that reflect the influence of the vast Siberian anticyclone.
Precipitation totals 496.9 mm annually with more than three quarters falling during the summer half. Extreme temperatures range from -20.6°C to 42.8°C for the 1981-2010 period. Relative humidity is highest in the summer and lowest in the spring, preceding the monsoonal period. Due to the very dry winter conditions, snowfall is not common, though occurs almost every year, usually in small amounts.
According to a survey made by "Global voices China" in February 2013, 7 cities in Hebei including Xingtai, Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Handan, Langfang, Hengshui and Tangshan, are among China's 10 most polluted cities.[13]
Hengshui is the seat of the Catholic Diocese of Hengshui.
Julu sausage is a very famous specialty food in Julu Village, Heyan Town, Taocheng District, Hengshui. This kind of delicacy has a long history and has been loved by local people for many years. First, it tastes good and is of high quality. Second, it uses Chinese medicinal materials that are beneficial to the human body as seasonings. Third, it is suitable for all seasons and you will never tire of eating it.
Wuyi Kouwan is a very famous special delicacy in Wuyi County, Hengshui. The dunwan mentioned here is not a dish but a table of steamed bowls. It consists of 8 local "clean bowls", including Dongpo meat, lean meat, fat meat, elbow meat, rice noodles, mixed meat, and meatballs., pork ribs form a bowl and mat, and the dishes are fat or lean, meat or vegetarian, fat but not greasy, plain and delicious, and are deeply loved by the masses.[14]