See also: Kong (surname) and Jiang (surname).
Gong is the pinyin romanization of several distinct Chinese surnames, including 宫, 龔, 共, 公, 鞏, 功, 貢, and 弓. It may also be an alternative transcription of the surname Kong, or the Jyutping romanization of the Chinese surname Jiang.
| S: | 龚 |
| T: | 龔 |
| P: | Gōng |
| W: | Kung1 |
| J: | gung1 |
| Wuu: | jiong |
Gōng is the 192nd most common surname in China. It is the 99th surname listed in the Hundred Family Surnames, a Song dynasty compilation of surnames. As of 2002, there are around 1.5 million people with this surname in China, representing 0.2% of its population.[1] They are most commonly found along the Yangtze River basin, especially in Anhui.
One legend claims that the surname Gōng was derived from another similar-sounding surname, Gòng (共). A member of the Gòng clan, fleeing his troubles, supposedly changed his surname to Gōng by adding the character for dragon (龍) above his original surname (共).
Other stories claim that the Gōng clan are descended from a minister of the Yellow Emperor named Gong Gu (共鼓), or a minister of Emperor Yao named Gong Gong (共工).[2]
A number of Zhou dynasty royal clans, from the states of Zheng, Wei, Jin, or Chu, had the surname Gong, from which the modern name may be derived. It may also come from the Gong tribe of the ancient state of Ba in Sichuan. A number of prominent people named Gong lived near the lower reaches of the Jialing River during the Han dynasty.
Gong (rank 408 in China), is a Chinese and Korean surname. The other Gong surnames 共, 龔, 鞏, 功, 貢 have disappeared from Korea.
Gong may be derived from Chinese two-syllable surnames:
Gong + 孫, 羊, 石 are two-syllable surnames from the Zhou dynasty