Braille pattern dots-12356 explained

The Braille pattern dots-12356 is a 6-dot braille cell with the top left, both middle, and both bottom dots raised, or an 8-dot braille cell with the top left, both upper-middle, and both lower-middle dots raised. It is represented by the Unicode code point U+2837, and in Braille ASCII with the open parenthesis: (.

Unified Braille

In unified international braille, the braille pattern dots-12356 is used to represent a voiced pharyngeal fricative, i.e. /ʕ/, or otherwise as needed.[1]

Table of unified braille values

French BrailleÀ, ch
English Brailleof
English Contraction-->
German Brailleem
Bharati Brailleഴ / ழ / ඇ / ع ‎[2]
Icelandic Braille-->
IPA Braille/ʊ/
Russian Braille-->
Slovak BrailleŔ
Arabic Brailleع
Persian Brailleع
Irish BrailleÍ
Thai Brailleเีย ia
Braille-->

Other braille

Japanese Braillemi / み / ミ
Korean Brailleon / 온
Mainland Chinese Brailleou
Taiwanese Brailleou / ㄡ
Two-Cell Chinese Braillelü- -ǎo
Nemeth Braille((open parenthesis) [3]
Gardner Salinas Braillebegin fraction [4]
Algerian Brailleي ‎
Braille-->

Plus dots 7 and 8

Related to Braille pattern dots-12356 are Braille patterns 123567, 123568, and 1235678, which are used in 8-dot braille systems, such as Gardner-Salinas and Luxembourgish Braille.

dots 123567 dots 123568 dots 1235678
Gardner Salinas Braille• (bullet) (open brace)
Luxembourgish Braille[5] -->
Braille-->

Related 8-dot kantenji patterns

See also: Braille pattern dots-23678, Braille pattern dots-123678, Braille pattern dots-234678 and Braille pattern dots-1234678.

In the Japanese kantenji braille, the standard 8-dot Braille patterns 23678, 123678, 234678, and 1234678 are the patterns related to Braille pattern dots-12356, since the two additional dots of kantenji patterns 012356, 123567, and 0123567 are placed above the base 6-dot cell, instead of below, as in standard 8-dot braille.

Kantenji using braille patterns 23678, 123678, 234678, or 1234678

This listing includes kantenji using Braille pattern dots-12356 for all 6349 kanji found in JIS C 6226-1978.

Variants and thematic compounds

Compounds of 耳

Compounds of 襄

Compounds of 哉

Compounds of 禹

Compounds of 呂

Compounds of 身

Compounds of 足

Compounds of 南

Compounds of 緑

Other compounds

[6] [7] [8] [9]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: World Braille Usage. UNESCO. 2012-04-19. .
  2. Web site: Introduction to Bharati Braille. 25 April 2013. 5 April 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130405042606/http://www.acharya.gen.in:8080/disabilities/bh_brl.php. dead.
  3. Web site: Nemeth Braille (Mathematics Braille) . 2012-04-25 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120421113105/http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/disabilities/nemeth_brl.php . 2012-04-21 .
  4. Web site: Index of Topics in Braille Section . Oregon State University Science Access Project Braille topics. . 2012-04-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120420124208/http://dots.physics.orst.edu/gs_index.html . 2012-04-20 .
  5. Book: UNESCO. World Braille Usage. 2013. National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress. Washington, DC. 978-0-8444-9564-4. 88.
  6. Web site: ロービジョン相談と光学. 31 January 2014.
  7. Web site: 盲人と文字 -漢点字の世界. 27 December 2013.
  8. Web site: 漢点字. 27 December 2013.
  9. Web site: 漢点字入門. 30 December 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131231141822/http://www.kunijima.sakura.ne.jp/temp/taijyukai.pdf. 31 December 2013.

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