Braille pattern dots-145 explained

The Braille pattern dots-145 is a 6-dot braille cell with both top and the middle right dots raised, or an 8-dot braille cell with both top and the upper-middle right dots raised. It is represented by the Unicode code point U+2819, and in Braille ASCII with D.

Unified Braille

In unified international braille, the braille pattern dots-145 is used to represent a voiced dental or alveolar plosive, such as /d/ or /d̪/, and is otherwise assigned as needed.[1]

Table of unified braille values

French BrailleD, "de"
English BrailleD
English Contractiondo
German BrailleD
Bharati Brailleद / ਦ / દ / দ / ଦ / ద / ದ / ദ / ද / د ‎[2]
Icelandic BrailleD
IPA Braille/d/
Russian BrailleД
Slovak BrailleD
Arabic Brailleد
Persian Brailleد
Irish BrailleD
Thai Brailleด d
Luxembourgish Brailled (minuscule)
Braille-->

Other braille

Japanese Brailleru / る / ル
Korean Braillep- / ㅍ
Mainland Chinese BrailleD
Taiwanese Brailled / ㄉ
Two-Cell Chinese Braillez- -àng, 在 zài
Nemeth Braillenot an independent sign [3]
Gardner Salinas Braille[4] -->
Algerian Brailleث ‎
Braille-->

Plus dots 7 and 8

Related to Braille pattern dots-145 are Braille patterns 1457, 1458, and 14578, which are used in 8-dot braille systems, such as Gardner-Salinas and Luxembourgish Braille.

dots 1457 dots 1458 dots 14578
Gardner Salinas Braille[5] D (capital)δ (delta)Δ (Delta)
Luxembourgish Braille[6] D (capital)
Braille-->

Related 8-dot kantenji patterns

See also: Braille pattern dots-256, Braille pattern dots-1256, Braille pattern dots-2456 and Braille pattern dots-12456.

In the Japanese kantenji braille, the standard 8-dot Braille patterns 256, 1256, 2456, and 12456 are the patterns related to Braille pattern dots-145, since the two additional dots of kantenji patterns 0145, 1457, and 01457 are placed above the base 6-dot cell, instead of below, as in standard 8-dot braille.

Kantenji using braille patterns 256, 1256, 2456, or 12456

This listing includes kantenji using Braille pattern dots-145 for all 6349 kanji found in JIS C 6226-1978.

Variants and thematic compounds

Compounds of 性 and 忄

Compounds of 㣺 and 心

Compounds of 壱

Compounds of 甘

Compounds of 侖

Compounds of 婁

Compounds of 四

Other compounds

[7] [8] [9] [10]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: World Braille Usage. UNESCO. 2012-04-19. .
  2. Web site: Introduction to Bharati Braille. 25 April 2013. 5 April 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130405042606/http://www.acharya.gen.in:8080/disabilities/bh_brl.php. dead.
  3. Web site: Nemeth Braille (Mathematics Braille) . 2012-04-25 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120421113105/http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/disabilities/nemeth_brl.php . 2012-04-21 .
  4. Web site: Index of Topics in Braille Section . Oregon State University Science Access Project Braille topics. . 2012-04-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120420124208/http://dots.physics.orst.edu:80/gs_index.html . 2012-04-20 .
  5. Web site: Index of Topics in Braille Section. Oregon State University Science Access Project Braille topics.. 2012-04-29. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120420124208/http://dots.physics.orst.edu/gs_index.html. 2012-04-20.
  6. Book: UNESCO. World Braille Usage. 2013. National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress. Washington, DC. 978-0-8444-9564-4. 88. 2013-12-19. 2014-09-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20140908010540/http://www.pharmabraille.com/LiteratureRetrieve.aspx?ID=122064. dead.
  7. Web site: ロービジョン相談と光学. 31 January 2014.
  8. Web site: 盲人と文字 -漢点字の世界. 27 December 2013.
  9. Web site: 漢点字. 27 December 2013.
  10. Web site: 漢点字入門. 30 December 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131231141822/http://www.kunijima.sakura.ne.jp/temp/taijyukai.pdf. 31 December 2013.

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