| Ipa Symbol: | ɘ |
| Ipa Number: | 397 |
| Decimal: | 600 |
| X-Sampa: | @\ |
| Kirshenbaum: | @<umd> |
| Imagefile: | IPA Unicode 0x0258.svg |
| Braille: | 256 |
| Braille2: | e |
pronounced as /vowels/
The close-mid central unrounded vowel, or high-mid central unrounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is (IPA|ɘ). This is a mirrored letter e and should not be confused with the schwa (IPA|ə), which is a turned e. It was added to the IPA in 1993; before that, this vowel was transcribed (IPA|ë) (Latin small letter e with diaeresis, not Cyrillic small letter yo). Certain older sources[1] transcribe this vowel (IPA|ɤ̈).
The (IPA|ɘ) letter may be used with a lowering diacritic (IPA|ɘ̞), to denote the mid central unrounded vowel.
Conversely, (IPA|ə), the symbol for the mid central vowel may be used with a raising diacritic (IPA|ə̝) to denote the close-mid central unrounded vowel, although that is more accurately written with an additional unrounding diacritic (IPA|ə̝͑) to explicitly denote the lack of rounding (the canonical value of IPA (IPA|ə) is undefined for rounding).
| Language | Word | Meaning | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| May be transcribed in IPA with (IPA|ə). | ||||||
| Luanyjang | ŋeŋ | pronounced as /[ŋɘ́ŋ]/ | 'jawbone' | Short allophone of pronounced as //e//. | ||
| bird | pronounced as /[bɘːd]/ | 'bird' | Typically transcribed in IPA with (IPA|ɜː). Optionally rounded. See Australian English phonology | |||
| foot | pronounced as /[fɘt]/ | 'foot' | Less often rounded pronounced as /link/; corresponds to pronounced as /link/ in other dialects. See English phonology | |||
| bit | pronounced as /[bɘt]/ | 'bit' | Merger of pronounced as //ə// and pronounced as //ɪ// found in other dialects. See New Zealand English phonology | |||
| nut | pronounced as /[nɘt]/ | 'nut' | Some dialects. Corresponds to pronounced as //ʌ// in other dialects. See English phonology | |||
| Estonian: [[Estonian alphabet|k'''õ'''rv]] | pronounced as /[kɘrv]/ | 'ear' | Typically transcribed in IPA with (IPA|ɤ); can be close-mid back pronounced as /link/ or close back pronounced as /link/ instead, depending on the speaker. See Estonian phonology | |||
| pronounced as /[ˈsˠɰaːlʲə̝]/ | 'salt water' | Usually transcribed in IPA with pronounced as /[ɪ̽]/. It is an allophone of pronounced as //ə// next to non-palatal slender consonants. See Irish phonology | ||||
| ɨx['''e'''/'''ï'''][k/c/q] | pronounced as /[ˈiʃɘk]/ | 'bat' | ||||
| me | pronounced as /[ˈᵐbɘ]/ | 'tail' | Varies between central pronounced as /[ɘ]/ and back pronounced as /link/. | |||
| pronounced as /[miˈwə̝ːʔ]/ | 'lost' | Allophone of pronounced as //ɨ// in word-final stressed syllables before pronounced as //ʔ//; can be transcribed in IPA with (IPA|ə). | ||||
| pronounced as /[ɟɚ̝h]/ | 'to trim' | Rhotacized; may be transcribed in IPA with (IPA|ɚ). | ||||
| pronounced as /[t͡ʃə̝̄wā̠a̠]/ | 'fire' | Allophone of pronounced as //a//; typically transcribed in IPA with (IPA|ə). | ||||
| Korean: [[Hangul|'''어'''른]]/ŏŏleun | pronounced as /[ə̝ːɾɯ̽n]/ | 'adult' | May be transcribed in IPA with (IPA|əː). See Korean phonology | |||
| Kurdish | Kurmanji | Kurdish: d'''i'''l/دل | [dɘl] | 'heart' | Allophone of pronounced as //ɪ//. Sorani alphabet does not transcribe this vowel phoneme in text. | |
| Sorani | ||||||
| pronounced as /[<sup>F</sup>kə̝]/ | 'eagle' | Allophone of pronounced as //ə// after velar stops. | ||||
| Mapudungun; Mapuche: [[Mapudungun alphabet|el'''ü'''n]] | pronounced as /[ë̝ˈlɘn]/ | 'to give (something)' | ||||
| Mongolian: [[Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet|үс'''э'''р]] | pronounced as /[usɘɾɘ̆]/ | 'jump' | ||||
| d'''œ''' | pronounced as /[də̝]/ | 'be (equative)' | May be transcribed in IPA with (IPA|ə). | |||
| Polish[2] | Polish: [[Polish orthography|m'''y'''sz]] | 'mouse' | Somewhat fronted; typically transcribed in IPA with (IPA|ɨ). See Polish phonology | |||
| Romanian | Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: [[Romanian alphabet|cas'''ă''']] | pronounced as /[ˈkäsɘ]/ | 'house' | Corresponds to pronounced as /link/ in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonology | ||
| Timne: p'''ə'''r | pronounced as /[pə̝́r]/ | 'incite' | Typically transcribed in IPA with (IPA|ə). | |||
| Vietnamese: [[Vietnamese alphabet|v'''ợ''']] | pronounced as /[vɘ˨˩ˀ]/ | 'wife' | Typically transcribed in IPA with (IPA|ɤ). See Vietnamese phonology | |||
| Upper | pronounced as /[LPmɘ̃dɐ]/ | 'upstairs' | Nasalized; occurs only in this word. It is realized as mid pronounced as /link/ in Lower Xumi. | |||
| n'''e''' | pronounced as /[nɘ]/ | 'and' | Most common realization of pronounced as //e//. | |||
pronounced as /navigation/