| Birth Date: | 4 July 1917 |
| Birth Place: | Paris, France |
| Death Place: | Paris, France |
| Fields: | Microbial genetics |
| Workplaces: | Pasteur Institute |
| Thesis Title: | Recherche sur la conjugaison des bactéries et sur le déterminisme génétique de la lysogénie [studies on bacterial conjugation and genetic determinism of lysogeny] |
| Thesis Year: | 1958 |
| Known For: | Plasmids, conjugation |
| Spouse: | Odile Wollman |
Élie Léo Wollman (July 4, 1917 – June 1, 2008) was a French microbial geneticist who first described plasmids (what he termed "episomes"), and served as vice director of research for the Pasteur Institute for twenty years. He was awarded the 1976 Grand Prix Charles-Leopold Mayer by the French Academy of Sciences and Chevalier of the French Legion of Honour. He is the son of microbiologists at the Pasteur Institute, Eugène and Elisabeth Wollman, and the father of Francis-André Wollman, another prominent scientist.