| Édouard Herriot | |
| Office: | President of the Council of Ministers of France |
| Term Start: | 3 June 1932 |
| Term End: | 18 December 1932 |
| President: | Albert Lebrun |
| Predecessor: | André Tardieu |
| Successor: | Joseph Paul-Boncour |
| Term Start1: | 20 July 1926 |
| Term End1: | 23 July 1926 |
| President1: | Gaston Doumergue |
| Predecessor1: | Aristide Briand |
| Successor1: | Raymond Poincaré |
| Term Start2: | 15 June 1924 |
| Term End2: | 17 April 1925 |
| President2: | Gaston Doumergue |
| Predecessor2: | Frédéric François-Marsal |
| Successor2: | Paul Painlevé |
| Office3: | President of the National Assembly |
| Term Start3: | 21 January 1947 |
| Term End3: | 11 January 1954 |
| Predecessor3: | Vincent Auriol |
| Successor3: | André Le Troquer |
| Office4: | President of the Chamber of Deputies |
| Term Start4: | 4 June 1936 |
| Term End4: | 10 July 1940 |
| Predecessor4: | Fernand Bouisson |
| Successor4: | Félix Gouin |
| Term Start5: | 22 April 1925 |
| Term End5: | 20 July 1926 |
| Predecessor5: | Paul Painlevé |
| Successor5: | Raoul Péret |
| Office6: | Minister of Public Instruction |
| President6: | Gaston Doumergue |
| Primeminister6: | Raymond Poincaré |
| Term Start6: | 23 July 1926 |
| Term End6: | 1 November 1928 |
| Predecessor6: | Édouard Daladier |
| Successor6: | Pierre Marraud |
| Office7: | Mayor of Lyon |
| Term Start7: | 18 May 1945 |
| Term End7: | 26 March 1957 |
| Predecessor7: | Justin Godart |
| Successor7: | Louis Pradel |
| Term Start8: | 3 November 1905 |
| Term End8: | 20 September 1940 |
| Predecessor8: | Victor Augagneur |
| Successor8: | Georges Cohendy |
| Office9: | Member of the National Assembly for Rhône |
| Term Start9: | 6 November 1945 |
| Term End9: | 26 March 1957 |
| Office10: | Member of the Chamber of Deputies for Rhône |
| Term Start10: | 20 November 1919 |
| Term End10: | 31 May 1942 |
| Office11: | Minister of Foreign Affairs |
| Term Start11: | 3 June 1932 |
| Term End11: | 14 December 1932 |
| President11: | Albert Lebrun |
| Primeminister11: | Himself |
| Predecessor11: | André Tardieu |
| Successor11: | Joseph Paul-Boncour |
| Term Start12: | 19 July 1926 |
| Term End12: | 21 July 1926 |
| President12: | Gaston Doumergue |
| Primeminister12: | Himself |
| Predecessor12: | Aristide Briand |
| Successor12: | Aristide Briand |
| Term Start13: | 14 June 1924 |
| Term End13: | 10 April 1925 |
| President13: | Gaston Doumergue |
| Primeminister13: | Himself |
| Predecessor13: | Edmond Lefebvre du Prey |
| Successor13: | Aristide Briand |
| Office14: | Member of the Senate |
| Termstart14: | 7 November 1912 |
| Termend14: | 23 December 1919 |
| Predecessor14: | Édouard Millaud |
| Successor14: | Eugène Ruffier |
| Office15: | Minister of Public Works |
| Termstart15: | 12 December 1916 |
| Termend15: | 17 March 1917 |
| President15: | Raymond Poincaré |
| Primeminister15: | Aristide Briand |
| Predecessor15: | Marcel Sembat |
| Successor15: | Georges Desplas |
| Birth Name: | Édouard Marie Herriot |
| Birth Date: | 5 July 1872 |
| Birth Place: | Troyes, France |
| Death Place: | Saint-Genis-Laval, France |
| Resting Place: | Loyasse Cemetery, Lyon |
| Party: | Radical Party |
| Education: | Lycée Louis-le-Grand |
| Alma Mater: | École normale supérieure |
| Spouse: | Blanche Rebatel |
| Occupation: | Historian |
| Signature: | Signature Édouard Herriot.svg |
Édouard Marie Herriot (in French edwaʁ ma.ʁi ɛʁjo/; 5 July 1872 - 26 March 1957) was a French Radical politician of the Third Republic who served three times as Prime Minister (1924–1925; 1926; 1932) and twice as President of the Chamber of Deputies. He led the first Cartel des Gauches. Under the Fourth Republic, he served as President of the National Assembly until 1954. A historian by occupation, Herriot was elected to the Académie Française's eighth seat in 1946.[1] He served as Mayor of Lyon for more than 45 years, from 1905 until his death, except for a brief period from 1940 to 1945, when he was exiled to Germany for opposing the Vichy regime.
Hérriot was born at Troyes, France on 5 July 1872. As Mayor of Lyon, Herriot improved relations between municipal government and local unions, increased public assistance funds, and began an urban renewal programme,[2] amongst other measures. He died in Lyon on 26 March 1957.[3] He went through a Deathbed conversion to Catholicism with Cardinal Pierre-Marie Gerlier, and was buried at the Loyasse Cemetery "with church ritual".[4]
Changes
The height of denial of the Holodomor was reached during a visit to Ukraine carried out between 26 August and 9 September 1933 by Herriot, who had recently left the French Prime Ministry. Herriot denied accounts of the famine and said that Soviet Ukraine was "like a garden in full bloom".[5]
Furthermore, he announced to the press that there was no famine in Ukraine, that he did not see any trace of hunger, and that the allegations of starving millions were being spread by adversaries of the Soviet Union. "When one believes that the Ukraine is devastated by famine, allow me to shrug my shoulders", he declared. The 13 September 1933 issue of Pravda was able to write that Herriot "categorically contradicted the lies of the bourgeoisie press in connection with a famine in the USSR."[6]
Governmental functions
Président of the Council of Ministers : 1924–1925 / 19–21 July 1926 / June–December 1932.
Minister of Transport, Public Works and Supply : 1916–1917.
Minister of Education and Fine Arts : 1926–1928.
Minister of Foreign Affairs : 1924–1925 / 19–21 July 1926 / June–December 1932.
Minister of State : 1934–1936.
Electoral mandates
National Assembly of France
President of the National Assembly of France : 1947–1954.
Member of the National Assembly of France for Rhône (department) : 1946–1957 (He died in 1957). Elected in 1946, reelected in 1951, 1956.
Constitutional Assembly
Member of the Constitutional Assembly for Rhône (department) : 1945–1946. Elected in 1945, reelected in June 1946.
Chamber of Deputies of France
President of the Chamber of Deputies of France : 1925–1926 / 1936–1940.
Member of the Chamber of Deputies of France for Rhône (department) : 1919–1942 (Dissolution of Parliament by Philippe Petain in 1942). Elected in 1919, reelected in 1924, 1928, 1932, 1936.
Senate of France
Senator of Rhône : 1912–1919. Elected in 1911.
General council
General councillor of Rhône (department) : 1945–1951.
Mayor of Lyon : 1905–1940 (Deposition by Vichy regime in 1940) / 1945–1957 (He died in 1957). Reelected in 1908, 1912, 1919, 1925, 1929, 1935, 1945, 1947, 1953.
Municipal councillor of Lyon : 1904–1940 (Deposition by the Vichy regime in 1940) / 1945–1957 (He died in 1957). Reelected in 1908, 1912, 1919, 1925, 1929, 1935, 1945, 1947, 1953.
Political functions
President of the Radical Party (France) : 1919–1926 / 1931–1936 / 1948–1953 / 1955–1957.
Herriot was declared an honorary citizen of the city of Veliki Bečkerek (today Zrenjanin) in 1933. There is also a street with his name in Zrenjanin.
His visit to a church in Kyiv, where a fake religious service was organized for the occasion, is described in "The Mechanical Lions", one of the stories in A Tomb for Boris Davidovich by Danilo Kiš.