| Álvaro Caminha | |
| Office: | Captain-major of São Tomé |
| Term Start: | 29 July 1493 |
| Term End: | 28 April 1499 |
| Predecessor: | João Pereira |
| Successor: | Fernão de Melo |
| Birth Date: | 14?? |
| Birth Place: | Kingdom of Portugal |
| Death Date: | 28 April 1499 |
| Death Place: | São Tomé Island |
| Nationality: | Portuguese |
Álvaro Caminha was appointed by King John II of Portugal in 1492 Captain-major (governor) – the third – of the Portuguese colony of São Tomé and Príncipe which had been discovered 22 years earlier.
He was a knight of the king's household. He was told to settle and "Christianize" the then-deserted island with his family and friars, and for that purpose was given the children of Spanish Jewish refugees from Granada, which had not been able to pay the tax requested by the king, and who were married to Black people from the Congo.